Eating habit and other factors related to anemia in civil female flight attendant in Indonesia

• Main Authors: Resna Nurhantika Sary, Dewi Gathmyr, Carmen M. Siagian, Bastaman Basuki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan 2015-01-01
• Series: Health Science Journal of Indonesia
• Subjects: anemia, flight attendant, meat, menstruation, Indonesia
• Online Access: http://ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/HSJI/article/view/3592

<p>Abstract<br />Latar belakang: Anemia masih merupakan masalah kesehatan pada wanita yang dapat mengganggu performa kerja termasuk pramugari. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengidentifiasi faktor-faktor dominan <br />terhadap anemia pada pramugari. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan metode sampling purposif pada pramugari yang melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan pada 1-15 Mei 2013. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan formulir khusus untuk penelitian ini. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah karakteristik demografi dan pekerjaan, kebiasaan makan, riwayat haid, indeks masa tubuh (IMT), serta kadar hemoglobin. Kadar hemoglobin berasal dari rekam medik di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan.  Anemia ialah jika kadar hemoglobin kurang dari 12 g/dl. Hasil: Di antara 225 pramugari yang melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan, 185 d pramugari berusia 18-46 tahun <br />bersedia untuk berpartisipasi studi ini, dan 28,1% menderita anemia. Frekuensi makan daging merah per minggu, masa kerja total, jenis penerbangan, dan menstruasi merupakan faktor risiko yang dominan yang berhubungan dengan anemia. Faktor risiko yang paling dominan adalah makan daging merah / minggu. Pramugari yang makan daging 3 kali atau lebih dalam per minggu dibandingkan yang kurang dari 3 kali per minggu berisiko 43% lebih kecil mengalami anemia [risiko relatif suaian (RRa) = 0,57; 95% interval kepercayaan (CI) = 0,32–1,03; <br />P = 0,064]. Pramugari yang mengalami menstruasi berlebihan dibandingkan yang menstruasi normal memiliki risiko 3,5 kali lebih tinggi mengalami anemia (RRa = 3,45; P = 0,000). Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan makan daging kurang dari tiga kali seminggu dan yang mengalami menstruasi berlebihan memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami anemia di antara Pramugari di Indonesia. (Health Science Indones 2014;2:67-72)</p><p>Kata kunci: anemia, pramugari, daging merah, menstruasi, Indonesia</p><p>Abstract<br />Background: Anemia is a health problem in women that can interfere work performance including female flight attendant. This study aimed to identify several dominant risk factors related to anemia in female flight attendants. Method: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was conducted to female flight attendant who performing periodic medical check-up at the Civil Aviation Medical Center, Jakarta on May 1-15<br />2013. Data collected using structured questionnaire. The data collected were demographic data, job characteristics, the characteristics of eating habits, menstrual history, body mass index, and hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels were taken from flight attendant’s medical records at the Civil Aviation Medical Center, Jakarta. Anemia defined if hemoglobin levels less than12 g/dl. Results: Out of 225 female flight attendants who did medical checkup, 185 of them age 18-46 years old who willing to participate in this study, and 28.1% of them had anemia. Frequency of eating red meat/week, total working period, type of flight, and menstruation were dominant risk factors related to anemia. The most <br />dominant risk factor was of eating red meat/week. Flight attendant who had eat meat for 3 times or more a week compared to less than 3 times a week had 43% less riskof having anemia [adjusted relative risk (RRa) = 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.32 – 1.03; P = 0.064). Flight attendant who had heavy flow menstruation than normal flow menstruation have 3.45 times higher risk of having anemia [RRa = 3.45; P = 0.000].<br />Conclusion: Flight attendant who had eating meat habit less than three times a week and having menstrual heavy flow has a high risk of having anemia. (Health Science Indones 2014;2:67-72)</p><p>Key words: anemia, flight attendant, meat, menstruation, Indonesia</p>