A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
The etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement, is still unknown; both genetic and environmental factor are believed to be involved in onset of the disease and its development. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), in particular, is suspected to...
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doaj-a6f94948a7474f1cba0b89920ff2461e2021-07-23T14:10:27ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-06-01968668610.3390/vaccines9070686A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s DiseaseSimone Agostini0Roberta Mancuso1Andrea S. Costa2Lorenzo A. Citterio3Franca R. Guerini4Mario Meloni5Jorge Navarro6Mario Clerici7IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyIRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, ItalyThe etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement, is still unknown; both genetic and environmental factor are believed to be involved in onset of the disease and its development. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), in particular, is suspected to have a role in PD. Paired Immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRA) is an inhibitory receptor that down-regulates inflammation and is expressed on innate immune cells. The <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 polymorphism is protective against Alzheimer’s disease, even in relation with HSV-1 antibody titers, but no data are available in PD. We analyzed HSV-1 antibody titers and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 in PD (<i>n =</i> 51) and age-and sex-matched healthy controls (HC; <i>n =</i> 73). Results showed that HSV-1, but not cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) antibody titers were significantly higher in PD compared to HC (<i>p</i> = 0.045). The rs1859788 polymorphism was not differentially distributed between PD and HC, but the minor allele A was more frequently carried by PD (68%) compared to HC (50%) (<i>p</i> = 0.06). Notably, the rs1859788 minor allele A was statically more frequent in male PD (65%) compared to male HC (37%) (<i>p</i> = 0.036). Finally, no relation was found between HSV-1 antibody titers and <i>PILRA</i> genotype. Results herein suggest an involvement of HSV-1 in PD and indicate a possible interaction between <i>PILRA</i> gene polymorphisms and this neuropathology.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/7/686Parkinson’s diseaseHSV-1paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alphaantibody titersrehabilitation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Simone Agostini Roberta Mancuso Andrea S. Costa Lorenzo A. Citterio Franca R. Guerini Mario Meloni Jorge Navarro Mario Clerici |
spellingShingle |
Simone Agostini Roberta Mancuso Andrea S. Costa Lorenzo A. Citterio Franca R. Guerini Mario Meloni Jorge Navarro Mario Clerici A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease Vaccines Parkinson’s disease HSV-1 paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha antibody titers rehabilitation |
author_facet |
Simone Agostini Roberta Mancuso Andrea S. Costa Lorenzo A. Citterio Franca R. Guerini Mario Meloni Jorge Navarro Mario Clerici |
author_sort |
Simone Agostini |
title |
A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short |
A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full |
A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr |
A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Possible Role for HSV-1-Specific Humoral Response and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort |
possible role for hsv-1-specific humoral response and <i>pilra</i> rs1859788 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of parkinson’s disease |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Vaccines |
issn |
2076-393X |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
The etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement, is still unknown; both genetic and environmental factor are believed to be involved in onset of the disease and its development. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), in particular, is suspected to have a role in PD. Paired Immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRA) is an inhibitory receptor that down-regulates inflammation and is expressed on innate immune cells. The <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 polymorphism is protective against Alzheimer’s disease, even in relation with HSV-1 antibody titers, but no data are available in PD. We analyzed HSV-1 antibody titers and <i>PILRA</i> rs1859788 in PD (<i>n =</i> 51) and age-and sex-matched healthy controls (HC; <i>n =</i> 73). Results showed that HSV-1, but not cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) antibody titers were significantly higher in PD compared to HC (<i>p</i> = 0.045). The rs1859788 polymorphism was not differentially distributed between PD and HC, but the minor allele A was more frequently carried by PD (68%) compared to HC (50%) (<i>p</i> = 0.06). Notably, the rs1859788 minor allele A was statically more frequent in male PD (65%) compared to male HC (37%) (<i>p</i> = 0.036). Finally, no relation was found between HSV-1 antibody titers and <i>PILRA</i> genotype. Results herein suggest an involvement of HSV-1 in PD and indicate a possible interaction between <i>PILRA</i> gene polymorphisms and this neuropathology. |
topic |
Parkinson’s disease HSV-1 paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha antibody titers rehabilitation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/7/686 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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