SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has turned into a global pandemic with multitudinous health impacts. Main body In light of the higher vulnerability of men to COVID-19 than women, there is rising conc...
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doaj-a7bb65eb568e4df0aa134ae6d0a4ee092021-06-27T11:27:51ZengSpringerOpenMiddle East Fertility Society Journal2090-32512021-06-012611710.1186/s43043-021-00063-6SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmissionKoushik Bhattacharya0Lipika Das Mukhopadhyay1Ratnadeep Goswami2Sulagna Dutta3Pallav Sengupta4Tulay Irez5Habibah Abdul Hamid6Alak Kumar Syamal7Department of Physiology, Rungta College of Dental SciencesDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KPC Medical CollegeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Matrisadan Hospital, & ILS HospitalDepartment of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA UniversityDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA UniversityDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra MalaysiaPost Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, University of BurdwanAbstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has turned into a global pandemic with multitudinous health impacts. Main body In light of the higher vulnerability of men to COVID-19 than women, there is rising concerns on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility and possibilities of seminal contamination and transmission. The pandemic has attributed to the brief suspension of many fertility clinics and pathology laboratories, though many remained functional. Few reports reflect that SARS-CoV-2 can contaminate the semen of COVID-19 patients as well as that of recovering patients. The viral invasion into the testis may be due to the disrupted anatomical barriers of the testis by the inflammatory responses, and the persistence of the virus in the semen may be facilitated by the testicular immune privilege. Since SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped RNA virus, it is also theoretically possible that this virus can remain viable in the semen samples even after cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen. Conclusion The present review emphasizes the possibilities of seminal dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 and thereby the chances of its sexual transmission. These perceptions and predictions are to facilitate immediate necessary actions to improvise the standard precautionary procedures for laboratory practices, including semen analysis or processing the semen sample for fertility treatments.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43043-021-00063-6COVID-19Male infertilitySARS-CoV-2Semen infectionSexual transmission |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Koushik Bhattacharya Lipika Das Mukhopadhyay Ratnadeep Goswami Sulagna Dutta Pallav Sengupta Tulay Irez Habibah Abdul Hamid Alak Kumar Syamal |
spellingShingle |
Koushik Bhattacharya Lipika Das Mukhopadhyay Ratnadeep Goswami Sulagna Dutta Pallav Sengupta Tulay Irez Habibah Abdul Hamid Alak Kumar Syamal SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission Middle East Fertility Society Journal COVID-19 Male infertility SARS-CoV-2 Semen infection Sexual transmission |
author_facet |
Koushik Bhattacharya Lipika Das Mukhopadhyay Ratnadeep Goswami Sulagna Dutta Pallav Sengupta Tulay Irez Habibah Abdul Hamid Alak Kumar Syamal |
author_sort |
Koushik Bhattacharya |
title |
SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
title_short |
SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
title_full |
SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
title_fullStr |
SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
title_full_unstemmed |
SARS-CoV-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
title_sort |
sars-cov-2 infection and human semen: possible modes of contamination and transmission |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
series |
Middle East Fertility Society Journal |
issn |
2090-3251 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has turned into a global pandemic with multitudinous health impacts. Main body In light of the higher vulnerability of men to COVID-19 than women, there is rising concerns on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility and possibilities of seminal contamination and transmission. The pandemic has attributed to the brief suspension of many fertility clinics and pathology laboratories, though many remained functional. Few reports reflect that SARS-CoV-2 can contaminate the semen of COVID-19 patients as well as that of recovering patients. The viral invasion into the testis may be due to the disrupted anatomical barriers of the testis by the inflammatory responses, and the persistence of the virus in the semen may be facilitated by the testicular immune privilege. Since SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped RNA virus, it is also theoretically possible that this virus can remain viable in the semen samples even after cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen. Conclusion The present review emphasizes the possibilities of seminal dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 and thereby the chances of its sexual transmission. These perceptions and predictions are to facilitate immediate necessary actions to improvise the standard precautionary procedures for laboratory practices, including semen analysis or processing the semen sample for fertility treatments. |
topic |
COVID-19 Male infertility SARS-CoV-2 Semen infection Sexual transmission |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43043-021-00063-6 |
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