Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity
Summary Introduction New strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance in humans are needed. Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) can stimulate energy expenditure and may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, whether exercise training is an efficient stimulus to...
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doaj-a8686f5e7ac342db81940459cc74f2802020-11-25T02:49:15ZengWileyObesity Science & Practice2055-22382019-06-015325827210.1002/osp4.330Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activityP. Motiani0J. Teuho1T. Saari2K. A. Virtanen3S. M. Honkala4R. J. Middelbeek5L. J. Goodyear6O. Eskola7J. Andersson8E. Löyttyniemi9J. C. Hannukainen10P. Nuutila11Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandSection on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School Boston MA USASection on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School Boston MA USATurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandSection of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala SwedenDepartment of Biostatistics University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandTurku PET Centre University of Turku Turku FinlandSummary Introduction New strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance in humans are needed. Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) can stimulate energy expenditure and may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, whether exercise training is an efficient stimulus to activate and recruit BAT remains to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate whether regular exercise training affects cold‐stimulated BAT metabolism and, if so, whether this was associated with changes in plasma metabolites. Methods Healthy sedentary men (n = 11; aged 31 [SD 7] years; body mass index 23 [0.9] kg m−2; VO2 max 39 [7.6] mL min−1 kg−1) participated in a 6‐week exercise training intervention. Fasting BAT and neck muscle glucose uptake (GU) were measured using quantitative [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–magnetic resonance imaging three times: (1) before training at room temperature and (2) before and (3) after the training period during cold stimulation. Cervico‐thoracic BAT mass was measured using MRI signal fat fraction maps. Plasma metabolites were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results Cold exposure increased supraclavicular BAT GU by threefold (p < 0.001), energy expenditure by 59% (p < 0.001) and plasma fatty acids (p < 0.01). Exercise training had no effect on cold‐induced GU in BAT or neck muscles. Training increased aerobic capacity (p = 0.01) and decreased visceral fat (p = 0.02) and cervico‐thoracic BAT mass (p = 0.003). Additionally, training decreased very low‐density lipoprotein particle size (p = 0.04), triglycerides within chylomicrons (p = 0.04) and small high‐density lipoprotein (p = 0.04). Conclusions Although exercise training plays an important role for metabolic health, its beneficial effects on whole body metabolism through physiological adaptations seem to be independent of BAT activation in young, sedentary men.https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.330Brown adipose tissueexercise trainingglucose uptakenor‐epinephrinepositron emission tomography |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
P. Motiani J. Teuho T. Saari K. A. Virtanen S. M. Honkala R. J. Middelbeek L. J. Goodyear O. Eskola J. Andersson E. Löyttyniemi J. C. Hannukainen P. Nuutila |
spellingShingle |
P. Motiani J. Teuho T. Saari K. A. Virtanen S. M. Honkala R. J. Middelbeek L. J. Goodyear O. Eskola J. Andersson E. Löyttyniemi J. C. Hannukainen P. Nuutila Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity Obesity Science & Practice Brown adipose tissue exercise training glucose uptake nor‐epinephrine positron emission tomography |
author_facet |
P. Motiani J. Teuho T. Saari K. A. Virtanen S. M. Honkala R. J. Middelbeek L. J. Goodyear O. Eskola J. Andersson E. Löyttyniemi J. C. Hannukainen P. Nuutila |
author_sort |
P. Motiani |
title |
Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
title_short |
Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
title_full |
Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
title_fullStr |
Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
title_sort |
exercise training alters lipoprotein particles independent of brown adipose tissue metabolic activity |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Obesity Science & Practice |
issn |
2055-2238 |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Summary Introduction New strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance in humans are needed. Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) can stimulate energy expenditure and may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, whether exercise training is an efficient stimulus to activate and recruit BAT remains to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate whether regular exercise training affects cold‐stimulated BAT metabolism and, if so, whether this was associated with changes in plasma metabolites. Methods Healthy sedentary men (n = 11; aged 31 [SD 7] years; body mass index 23 [0.9] kg m−2; VO2 max 39 [7.6] mL min−1 kg−1) participated in a 6‐week exercise training intervention. Fasting BAT and neck muscle glucose uptake (GU) were measured using quantitative [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–magnetic resonance imaging three times: (1) before training at room temperature and (2) before and (3) after the training period during cold stimulation. Cervico‐thoracic BAT mass was measured using MRI signal fat fraction maps. Plasma metabolites were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results Cold exposure increased supraclavicular BAT GU by threefold (p < 0.001), energy expenditure by 59% (p < 0.001) and plasma fatty acids (p < 0.01). Exercise training had no effect on cold‐induced GU in BAT or neck muscles. Training increased aerobic capacity (p = 0.01) and decreased visceral fat (p = 0.02) and cervico‐thoracic BAT mass (p = 0.003). Additionally, training decreased very low‐density lipoprotein particle size (p = 0.04), triglycerides within chylomicrons (p = 0.04) and small high‐density lipoprotein (p = 0.04). Conclusions Although exercise training plays an important role for metabolic health, its beneficial effects on whole body metabolism through physiological adaptations seem to be independent of BAT activation in young, sedentary men. |
topic |
Brown adipose tissue exercise training glucose uptake nor‐epinephrine positron emission tomography |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.330 |
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