Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda
Abstract The current study was carried out to examine the spatial and temporal variations of physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi. The observations were made on the surface water of Lake Bunyonyi for 1 year to determine the water quality. The basic 12 variables used to determine...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Springer
2021-06-01
|
Series: | SN Applied Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04672-8 |
id |
doaj-a8b1b7cf2ba845a7b37f7bd12a3fe7f1 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-a8b1b7cf2ba845a7b37f7bd12a3fe7f12021-06-06T11:21:26ZengSpringerSN Applied Sciences2523-39632523-39712021-06-013711410.1007/s42452-021-04672-8Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern UgandaAlex Saturday0Thomas J. Lyimo1John Machiwa2Siajali Pamba3Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar Es SalaamDepartment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar Es SalaamDepartment of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries, University of Dar Es SalaamDepartment of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries, University of Dar Es SalaamAbstract The current study was carried out to examine the spatial and temporal variations of physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi. The observations were made on the surface water of Lake Bunyonyi for 1 year to determine the water quality. The basic 12 variables used to determine the quality of water were measured monthly at nine stations. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, electric conductivity (EC), pH and Secchi depth (SD) were measured in the field, while parameters like total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were determined following APHA 2017 standard guidelines for physicochemical analysis. Taking into account standard guidelines for drinking water by the Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) and the World Health Organization (WHO), the water quality index (WQI) was used to determine the water quality. Temperature, DO, pH, turbidity and EC did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). Likewise, TN, TP, NO2-N, NO3-N and SRP did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). The WQI values ranged from 28.36 to 49 across and from 28.2 to 56.2 between study months with an overall mean value of 36.9. The measured water quality variables did not exceed the UNBS and WHO standards for drinking water in all months and at all stations. According to these values, the water quality of Lake Bunyonyi generally belongs to the ‘good’ class in terms of drinking water quality based on the WQI classification. The study findings are fundamentally important for policy makers in setting guidelines for effective lake management.https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04672-8Spatio-temporal variabilityWater qualityWater quality indexLake Bunyonyi |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alex Saturday Thomas J. Lyimo John Machiwa Siajali Pamba |
spellingShingle |
Alex Saturday Thomas J. Lyimo John Machiwa Siajali Pamba Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda SN Applied Sciences Spatio-temporal variability Water quality Water quality index Lake Bunyonyi |
author_facet |
Alex Saturday Thomas J. Lyimo John Machiwa Siajali Pamba |
author_sort |
Alex Saturday |
title |
Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda |
title_short |
Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda |
title_full |
Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda |
title_fullStr |
Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda |
title_sort |
spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of lake bunyonyi, southwestern uganda |
publisher |
Springer |
series |
SN Applied Sciences |
issn |
2523-3963 2523-3971 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Abstract The current study was carried out to examine the spatial and temporal variations of physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi. The observations were made on the surface water of Lake Bunyonyi for 1 year to determine the water quality. The basic 12 variables used to determine the quality of water were measured monthly at nine stations. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, electric conductivity (EC), pH and Secchi depth (SD) were measured in the field, while parameters like total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were determined following APHA 2017 standard guidelines for physicochemical analysis. Taking into account standard guidelines for drinking water by the Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) and the World Health Organization (WHO), the water quality index (WQI) was used to determine the water quality. Temperature, DO, pH, turbidity and EC did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). Likewise, TN, TP, NO2-N, NO3-N and SRP did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). The WQI values ranged from 28.36 to 49 across and from 28.2 to 56.2 between study months with an overall mean value of 36.9. The measured water quality variables did not exceed the UNBS and WHO standards for drinking water in all months and at all stations. According to these values, the water quality of Lake Bunyonyi generally belongs to the ‘good’ class in terms of drinking water quality based on the WQI classification. The study findings are fundamentally important for policy makers in setting guidelines for effective lake management. |
topic |
Spatio-temporal variability Water quality Water quality index Lake Bunyonyi |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04672-8 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT alexsaturday spatiotemporalvariationsinphysicochemicalwaterqualityparametersoflakebunyonyisouthwesternuganda AT thomasjlyimo spatiotemporalvariationsinphysicochemicalwaterqualityparametersoflakebunyonyisouthwesternuganda AT johnmachiwa spatiotemporalvariationsinphysicochemicalwaterqualityparametersoflakebunyonyisouthwesternuganda AT siajalipamba spatiotemporalvariationsinphysicochemicalwaterqualityparametersoflakebunyonyisouthwesternuganda |
_version_ |
1721394112722108416 |