Prevalence of Beta-Cell, Thyroid and Celiac Autoimmunity in North Indian Children with Recent Onset Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

• Main Authors: Devi Dayal, Madhusudan Samprati, Navchetan Kaur, Ranjana Walker Minz, Dhaarani Jayaraman
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2015-03-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: autoantibodies; children; glutamic acid decarboxylase 65; type 1 diabetes; thyroid peroxidase; tissue transglutaminase
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/5711/11960_CE[Ra1]_F(AK)_PF1(NJAK)_PFA(P)_PF2(PAG).pdf

There is wide variation in the prevalence of pancreatic and other major autoantibodies in different patient populations of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) across continents and even within countries. The data on frequency of associated autoimmunity Indian children with T1D is limited. A retrospective record review of 310 children aged 7.28±3.3 y (range 0.7-15 y) with recently diagnosed T1D attending our Pediatric Diabetes Clinic between April 2004 to September 2014, showed positivity for anti-GAD65, anti-IA2b, anti-TPO and anti-tTGA of 50% (64/128), 16% (12/72), 18.7% (23/123) and 22% (47/212) respectively. The male:female ratio in patients with anti-GAD, anti-TPO and anti-tTG positivity was 1.3, 0.7 and 0.6 respectively. In conclusion, our patient cohort exhibited a moderate prevalence of anti-GAD 65, low prevalence of anti-TPO and high prevalence of anti-tTGA autoantibodies as compared to previous reports. Male preponderance was noted in children with GAD65 positivity.