| Summary: | Objective: We investigated the epidemiological characteristics of drug resistance and virulence factors of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates from paediatric patients in Shanghai. Methods: CRKP strains were consecutively collected between January and December in 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by VITEK 2 compact. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyse drug resistance determinants, virulence genes and plasmid types. wzi sequencing and multilocus sequence typing was used to determine clonal relatedness. Results: Among 172 CRKP strains, blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-5 were the predominant carbapenemase genes. Compared with NDM-5, KPC-2 producers showed higher resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. The majority of KPC-2 producers belonged to KL64-ST11 background, while NDM-5 producers were mainly identified as KL62-ST48. Plasmid typing shown that IncF and IncFIB were the most prevalent plasmids in KPC-2 producers and IncX3 was widely spread in NDM-5-KP. Thirty-seven isolates carried various hypervirulence genes and the profiles of these genes showed high diversity. Conclusions: The predominant carbapenemase of CRKP strains from paediatric patients in Shanghai were KPC-2 and NDM-5. KL47-ST11 KPC-2-KP and KL62-ST48 NDM-5-KP were representative clonal lineages. Although not prevalent, hypervirulence associated genes have begun to spread. Active long-term surveillance should be performed in both drug resistance characteristics and virulence factors. Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Carbapenemase, Virulence, Epidemiology, Paediatric
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