The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Dysbiosis in the oral environment may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the association of oral microbiota with OSCC and to describe possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms involved in processes of OSCC...
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doaj-ab0427072e51466389aa8ababd7808bb2021-08-26T14:05:21ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-07-0191549154910.3390/microorganisms9081549The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaTereza Vyhnalova0Zdenek Danek1Daniela Gachova2Petra Borilova Linhartova3Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicEnvironmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicEnvironmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicEnvironmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicDysbiosis in the oral environment may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the association of oral microbiota with OSCC and to describe possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms involved in processes of OSCC development and progression. Association studies included in this review were designed as case–control/case studies, analyzing the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome from saliva, oral rinses, oral mucosal swabs, or oral mucosal tissue samples (deep and superficial) and comparing the results in healthy individuals to those with OSCC and/or with premalignant lesions. Changes in relative abundances of specific bacteria (e.g., <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> sp.) and fungi (especially <i>Candida</i> sp.) were associated with OSCC. Viruses can also play a role; while the results of studies investigating the role of human papillomavirus in OSCC development are controversial, Epstein–Barr virus was positively correlated with OSCC. The oral microbiota has been linked to tumorigenesis through a variety of mechanisms, including the stimulation of cell proliferation, tumor invasiveness, angiogenesis, inhibition of cell apoptosis, induction of chronic inflammation, or production of oncometabolites. We also advocate for the necessity of performing a complex analysis of the microbiome in further studies and of standardizing the sampling procedures by establishing guidelines to support future meta-analyses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/8/1549oral microbiome<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i><i>Candida</i> sp.oral squamous cell carcinomaoral canceroral carcinogenesis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tereza Vyhnalova Zdenek Danek Daniela Gachova Petra Borilova Linhartova |
spellingShingle |
Tereza Vyhnalova Zdenek Danek Daniela Gachova Petra Borilova Linhartova The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Microorganisms oral microbiome <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> <i>Candida</i> sp. oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer oral carcinogenesis |
author_facet |
Tereza Vyhnalova Zdenek Danek Daniela Gachova Petra Borilova Linhartova |
author_sort |
Tereza Vyhnalova |
title |
The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_short |
The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full |
The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_fullStr |
The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_sort |
role of the oral microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Microorganisms |
issn |
2076-2607 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Dysbiosis in the oral environment may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the association of oral microbiota with OSCC and to describe possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms involved in processes of OSCC development and progression. Association studies included in this review were designed as case–control/case studies, analyzing the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome from saliva, oral rinses, oral mucosal swabs, or oral mucosal tissue samples (deep and superficial) and comparing the results in healthy individuals to those with OSCC and/or with premalignant lesions. Changes in relative abundances of specific bacteria (e.g., <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> sp.) and fungi (especially <i>Candida</i> sp.) were associated with OSCC. Viruses can also play a role; while the results of studies investigating the role of human papillomavirus in OSCC development are controversial, Epstein–Barr virus was positively correlated with OSCC. The oral microbiota has been linked to tumorigenesis through a variety of mechanisms, including the stimulation of cell proliferation, tumor invasiveness, angiogenesis, inhibition of cell apoptosis, induction of chronic inflammation, or production of oncometabolites. We also advocate for the necessity of performing a complex analysis of the microbiome in further studies and of standardizing the sampling procedures by establishing guidelines to support future meta-analyses. |
topic |
oral microbiome <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> <i>Candida</i> sp. oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer oral carcinogenesis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/8/1549 |
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