Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese
Low levels of contamination by <i>Bacillus cereus</i> at the cheese farm is essential for reducing any opportunity for growth prior consumption. In this study, <i>B. cereus</i> distribution in a plant producing Protected Designation of Origin Taleggio cheese was investigated...
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doaj-ab4870921a8140b486df94e22f0239a52020-11-25T01:20:26ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-06-01894994910.3390/microorganisms8060949Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio CheeseErica Tirloni0Simone Stella1Cristian Bernardi2Diletta Mazzantini3Francesco Celandroni4Emilia Ghelardi5Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, IT-56127 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, IT-56127 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, IT-56127 Pisa, ItalyLow levels of contamination by <i>Bacillus cereus</i> at the cheese farm is essential for reducing any opportunity for growth prior consumption. In this study, <i>B. cereus</i> distribution in a plant producing Protected Designation of Origin Taleggio cheese was investigated and the virulence potential of the isolates was evaluated. Seventy-four samples were collected from Food and Non Food Contact Surfaces (FCS, NFCS), saline curd, and Taleggio. The eleven isolates were identified, typified, and clustered. Strains were tested for the production of hemolysins, hemolysin BL (HBL), phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC), proteases, and biofilm, and for the presence of chromosomal toxin-encoding genes (<i>sph</i>, <i>plcA</i>, <i>cytK</i>, <i>entFM</i>, <i>bcet</i>, <i>entS</i>, <i>nheA</i>, <i>nheB,</i> <i>nheC</i>). <i>B. cereus</i> was detected on NFCS, FCS, and curd, but not in Taleggio. The isolates were grouped into six clusters, and all produced PC-PLC, hemolysins, and proteases, and most of them HBL (66.7%). All the clusters harbored the <i>nheA, sph, plcA</i>, <i>entFM</i>, and <i>cytK</i> genes, and some also <i>nheB</i> (83.3%)<i>,</i> <i>nheC</i> (66.7%), <i>bcet</i> (50.0%), and <i>entS</i> (66.7%). All strains showed biofilm-forming ability. Our data reveal possible contamination of production plants and cheese curd by potentially virulent <i>B. cereus</i>, but bacterial absence in Taleggio highlights the efficacy of a proper management of the production phases in assuring consumer’s protection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/6/949<i>Bacillus cereus</i>dairy planttaleggio cheesevirulencebiofilm |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Erica Tirloni Simone Stella Cristian Bernardi Diletta Mazzantini Francesco Celandroni Emilia Ghelardi |
spellingShingle |
Erica Tirloni Simone Stella Cristian Bernardi Diletta Mazzantini Francesco Celandroni Emilia Ghelardi Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese Microorganisms <i>Bacillus cereus</i> dairy plant taleggio cheese virulence biofilm |
author_facet |
Erica Tirloni Simone Stella Cristian Bernardi Diletta Mazzantini Francesco Celandroni Emilia Ghelardi |
author_sort |
Erica Tirloni |
title |
Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese |
title_short |
Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese |
title_full |
Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese |
title_fullStr |
Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and Pathogenic Potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strains Isolated from a Dairy Processing Plant Producing PDO Taleggio Cheese |
title_sort |
identification and pathogenic potential of <i>bacillus cereus</i> strains isolated from a dairy processing plant producing pdo taleggio cheese |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Microorganisms |
issn |
2076-2607 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Low levels of contamination by <i>Bacillus cereus</i> at the cheese farm is essential for reducing any opportunity for growth prior consumption. In this study, <i>B. cereus</i> distribution in a plant producing Protected Designation of Origin Taleggio cheese was investigated and the virulence potential of the isolates was evaluated. Seventy-four samples were collected from Food and Non Food Contact Surfaces (FCS, NFCS), saline curd, and Taleggio. The eleven isolates were identified, typified, and clustered. Strains were tested for the production of hemolysins, hemolysin BL (HBL), phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC), proteases, and biofilm, and for the presence of chromosomal toxin-encoding genes (<i>sph</i>, <i>plcA</i>, <i>cytK</i>, <i>entFM</i>, <i>bcet</i>, <i>entS</i>, <i>nheA</i>, <i>nheB,</i> <i>nheC</i>). <i>B. cereus</i> was detected on NFCS, FCS, and curd, but not in Taleggio. The isolates were grouped into six clusters, and all produced PC-PLC, hemolysins, and proteases, and most of them HBL (66.7%). All the clusters harbored the <i>nheA, sph, plcA</i>, <i>entFM</i>, and <i>cytK</i> genes, and some also <i>nheB</i> (83.3%)<i>,</i> <i>nheC</i> (66.7%), <i>bcet</i> (50.0%), and <i>entS</i> (66.7%). All strains showed biofilm-forming ability. Our data reveal possible contamination of production plants and cheese curd by potentially virulent <i>B. cereus</i>, but bacterial absence in Taleggio highlights the efficacy of a proper management of the production phases in assuring consumer’s protection. |
topic |
<i>Bacillus cereus</i> dairy plant taleggio cheese virulence biofilm |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/6/949 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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