Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge
Groundwater is a much safer and more dependable source of drinking water than surface water. However, natural (geogenic) hazardous elements can contaminate groundwater and lead to severe health problems in consumers. Arsenic concentrations exceeding the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 μg/L global...
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2020-08-01
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doaj-abeb95404bb64fb88c7beb00b38cf1fd2020-11-25T03:42:16ZdeuSwiss Chemical SocietyCHIMIA0009-42932673-24242020-08-01747/852453710.2533/chimia.2020.524Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global ChallengeStephan J. Hug0Lenny H. E. Winkel1Andreas Voegelin2Michael Berg3Annette C. Johnson4Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SwitzerlandEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SwitzerlandEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SwitzerlandEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SwitzerlandGroundwater is a much safer and more dependable source of drinking water than surface water. However, natural (geogenic) hazardous elements can contaminate groundwater and lead to severe health problems in consumers. Arsenic concentrations exceeding the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 μg/L globally affect over 220 million people and can cause arsenicosis (skin lesions and cancers). Fluoride, while preventing caries at low concentrations, has detrimental effects when above the WHO drinking water guideline of 1.5 mg/L and puts several hundred million people at risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis. In this article, we report on the geochemistry and occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater and on the development of global and regional risk maps that help alert governments and water providers to take appropriate mitigation measures for the provision of safe drinking water. We then summarize research on the removal of arsenic and fluoride from drinking water, focusing on adapted technologies for water treatment. Finally, we discuss the applicability of various measures in a larger context and future challenges in reaching the goal of access to safe drinking water for all.https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/scs/chimia/2020/00000074/00000007/art00002arsenicfluoridegeogenic contaminationgroundwater |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
deu |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Stephan J. Hug Lenny H. E. Winkel Andreas Voegelin Michael Berg Annette C. Johnson |
spellingShingle |
Stephan J. Hug Lenny H. E. Winkel Andreas Voegelin Michael Berg Annette C. Johnson Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge CHIMIA arsenic fluoride geogenic contamination groundwater |
author_facet |
Stephan J. Hug Lenny H. E. Winkel Andreas Voegelin Michael Berg Annette C. Johnson |
author_sort |
Stephan J. Hug |
title |
Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge |
title_short |
Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge |
title_full |
Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge |
title_fullStr |
Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arsenic and Other Geogenic Contaminants in Groundwater – A Global Challenge |
title_sort |
arsenic and other geogenic contaminants in groundwater – a global challenge |
publisher |
Swiss Chemical Society |
series |
CHIMIA |
issn |
0009-4293 2673-2424 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Groundwater is a much safer and more dependable source of drinking water than surface water. However, natural (geogenic) hazardous elements can contaminate groundwater and lead to severe health problems in consumers. Arsenic concentrations exceeding the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 μg/L globally affect over 220 million people and can cause arsenicosis (skin lesions and cancers). Fluoride, while preventing caries at low concentrations, has detrimental effects when above the WHO drinking water guideline of 1.5 mg/L and puts several hundred million people at risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis. In this article, we report on the geochemistry and occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater and on the development of global and regional risk maps that help alert governments and water providers to take appropriate mitigation measures for the provision of safe drinking water. We then summarize research on the removal of arsenic and fluoride from drinking water, focusing on adapted technologies for water treatment. Finally, we discuss the applicability of various measures in a larger context and future challenges in reaching the goal of access to safe drinking water for all. |
topic |
arsenic fluoride geogenic contamination groundwater |
url |
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/scs/chimia/2020/00000074/00000007/art00002 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1724526111464882176 |