The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps
Aggregation methods are the most common way of upscaling land cover maps. To analyze the impact of land cover mapping error on upscaling agricultural maps, we utilized the Cropland Data Layer (CDL) data with corresponding confidence level data and simulated eight levels of error using a Monte Carlo...
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doaj-ac8df0f822b948efa3c9110463eff6642020-11-25T00:33:39ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922017-08-019990110.3390/rs9090901rs9090901The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural MapsPeijun Sun0Russell G. Congalton1Heather Grybas2Yaozhong Pan3State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaDepartment of Natural Resources & the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USADepartment of Natural Resources & the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USAState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaAggregation methods are the most common way of upscaling land cover maps. To analyze the impact of land cover mapping error on upscaling agricultural maps, we utilized the Cropland Data Layer (CDL) data with corresponding confidence level data and simulated eight levels of error using a Monte Carlo simulation for two Agriculture Statistic Districts (ASD) in the U.S.A. The results of the simulations were used as base maps for subsequent upscaling, utilizing the majority rule based aggregation method. The results show that increasing error level resulted in higher proportional errors for each crop in both study areas. As a result of increasing error level, landscape characteristics of the base map also changed greatly resulting in higher proportional error in the upscaled maps. Furthermore, the proportional error is sensitive to the crop area proportion in the base map and decreases as the crop proportion increases. These findings indicate that three factors, the error level of the thematic map, the change in landscape pattern/characteristics of the thematic map, and the objective of the project, should be considered before performing any upscaling. The first two factors can be estimated by using pre-existing land cover maps with relatively high accuracy. The third factor is dependent on the project requirements (e.g., landscape characteristics, proportions of cover types, and use of the upscaled map). Overall, improving our understanding of the impacts of land cover mapping error is necessary to the proper design for upscaling and obtaining the optimal upscaled map.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/901upscalingland cover mapproportional errorlandscape patternMonte Carlo simulation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Peijun Sun Russell G. Congalton Heather Grybas Yaozhong Pan |
spellingShingle |
Peijun Sun Russell G. Congalton Heather Grybas Yaozhong Pan The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps Remote Sensing upscaling land cover map proportional error landscape pattern Monte Carlo simulation |
author_facet |
Peijun Sun Russell G. Congalton Heather Grybas Yaozhong Pan |
author_sort |
Peijun Sun |
title |
The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps |
title_short |
The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps |
title_full |
The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps |
title_fullStr |
The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Impact of Mapping Error on the Performance of Upscaling Agricultural Maps |
title_sort |
impact of mapping error on the performance of upscaling agricultural maps |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Remote Sensing |
issn |
2072-4292 |
publishDate |
2017-08-01 |
description |
Aggregation methods are the most common way of upscaling land cover maps. To analyze the impact of land cover mapping error on upscaling agricultural maps, we utilized the Cropland Data Layer (CDL) data with corresponding confidence level data and simulated eight levels of error using a Monte Carlo simulation for two Agriculture Statistic Districts (ASD) in the U.S.A. The results of the simulations were used as base maps for subsequent upscaling, utilizing the majority rule based aggregation method. The results show that increasing error level resulted in higher proportional errors for each crop in both study areas. As a result of increasing error level, landscape characteristics of the base map also changed greatly resulting in higher proportional error in the upscaled maps. Furthermore, the proportional error is sensitive to the crop area proportion in the base map and decreases as the crop proportion increases. These findings indicate that three factors, the error level of the thematic map, the change in landscape pattern/characteristics of the thematic map, and the objective of the project, should be considered before performing any upscaling. The first two factors can be estimated by using pre-existing land cover maps with relatively high accuracy. The third factor is dependent on the project requirements (e.g., landscape characteristics, proportions of cover types, and use of the upscaled map). Overall, improving our understanding of the impacts of land cover mapping error is necessary to the proper design for upscaling and obtaining the optimal upscaled map. |
topic |
upscaling land cover map proportional error landscape pattern Monte Carlo simulation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/901 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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