Protein Kinase A Detection in Human Urine Samples

• Main Authors: Angela Ragone, Alessia Salzillo, Annamaria Spina, Silvia Zappavigna, Michele Caraglia, Luigi Sapio, Silvio Naviglio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical Medicine
• Subjects: protein kinase A; biomarker; serum; urine; ELISA; Western blotting
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/18/4096

Actively involved in tumor maintenance, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) has been proposed as a putative biomarker in cancer. Recently, an active PKA form has been identified in human sera and PKA autoantibodies have been detected in cancer patients. However, their serum functions, as well as diagnostic significance, remain largely unknown. Although several PKA detection assays have been developed, none refer to a laboratory diagnostic procedure. Among these, ELISA and Western blotting (WB) assays have been employed in PKA detection. Since, to the best of our knowledge, there are no data showing its presence in human urine samples, herein, we explore the possibility of PKA’s existence in this biological specimen. Interestingly, among the 30 screened urines by quantitative sandwich ELISA, we recognized detectable PKA levels in 5 different samples, and of those two exhibited a considerable high concentration. To corroborate these results, we also evaluated PKA’s presence in both positive and negative ELISA urines by WB. Remarkably, immunoblotting analysis confirmed PKA’s existence in certain, but not in all, human urine specimens. Despite being quite preliminary, these findings firstly identify PKA in urine samples and provide evidence for its potential clinic usage as a diagnostic analyte in laboratory medicine.