| Summary: | Objective: to study the peculiarities of the induction effect of total RNA (tRNA) from xenogenic bone marrow cells (BMCs) on regeneration processes in the recipient's native liver with extensive liver resection using an adoptive transfer model. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on an adoptive transfer model using male Wistar rats (n = 20) and guinea pigs (n = 17). The donors were rats (n = 10). 12 hours after extensive liver resection (70-75%), tRNA was isolated from BMCs and injected into intact (non-operated) recipients intraperitoneally at a dose of 30 μg/100 g of weight. The induction effect of the tRNA on operated rats was studied in 3 groups of recipients: Group 1 (control, n = 5) - administration of saline to guinea pigs; Group 2 (control, n = 10) - administration of tRNA from a donor rat to a recipient rat (allogeneic transfer); Group 3 (experiment, n = 12) - administration of tRNA from a donor rat to a recipient guinea pig (xenogeneic transfer). In histological preparations of recipient livers, after 48, 72 hours and 7 days, we studied the mitotic activity of hepatocytes and the features of the microscopic picture of the liver. The significance of differences in the compared groups was assessed using the parametric Student's t-test. Results. The ability of BMC tRNA to tissue-specifically activate regenerative and immune responses in the liver after extensive resection was found to depend on the donor and recipient species identity. Introduction of allogeneic donor tRNA in the recipient's liver resulted in predominant enhancement in hepatocyte mitotic activity (p < 0.05). The use of xenogeneic donor tRNA leads to enhanced activity of only immuno-inflammatory reactions in the recipient's liver, such as sinusoidal cell activation, lymphocytic infiltration into sinusoids, and portal tract infiltration by inflammatory cells. Conclusion. To induce regenerative processes in the liver, tRNA obtained from allogeneic BMCs should be used.
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