Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster
Authors investigated sunburn incidence of apples on the combinations of three different growth inducing rootstocks (M.9,MM.106 and seedling) and five varieties (‘Smoothee’, ‘Golden Reinders’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gloster’ and ‘Jonagold Jonica’). Symptoms were classified as sunburn browning, sunburn nec...
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University of Debrecen
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doaj-aeb2074bc811426990aa1f98e4dd44562020-11-25T02:54:34ZengUniversity of DebrecenInternational Journal of Horticultural Science1585-04042676-931X2009-09-0115410.31421/IJHS/15/4/839Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the clusterJ. Racskó0Z. Szabó1D. D. Miller2M. Soltész3J. Nyéki4Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USAInstitute for Research and Development, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi St., Debrecen 4032, HungaryDepartment of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USADepartment of Fruit Production, Faculty of Horticulture, College of Kecskemét, 1–3 Erdei Ferenc square, Kecskemét 6000, HungaryInstitute for Research and Development, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi St., Debrecen 4032, Hungary Authors investigated sunburn incidence of apples on the combinations of three different growth inducing rootstocks (M.9,MM.106 and seedling) and five varieties (‘Smoothee’, ‘Golden Reinders’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gloster’ and ‘Jonagold Jonica’). Symptoms were classified as sunburn browning, sunburn necrosis and photooxidative sunburn. The frequency of symptoms was recorded at various parts of the canopy (N, E,W, S, and lower canopy, upper canopy) and on the cluster (terminal, lateral). Cultivar susceptibility varied between 0.30 and 5.65% on M.9 rootstock, ‘Granny Smith’ seemed to be the most susceptible cultivar whereas relatively low percentage of damaged fruit was observed for ‘Gloster’. On MM.106 and seedling rootstocks, damage level was significantly lower than on M.9. Remarkable differences were not observed in the share of the three sunburn types between cultivars. The most common symptom observed was sunburn browning. Far less fruit was affected by sunburn necrosis and photooxidative sunburn. Photooxidative sunburn symptoms were not found on ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Gloster’ fruits on MM.106 rootstock. Latter cultivar did not show sunburn necrosis symptoms either. With increasing growing vigor of the rootstocks the share of sunburn browning increased. Fruits with sunburn symptoms were found in a great majority on theW quadrant of the trees. This was true for all cultivars. Remarkable differences in the location within the canopy of affected fruits between the three types of sunburn were not observed. Specific distribution of sunburned fruit was observed along the vertical axis of the canopy, too. Most of the damaged fruit were found in the upper canopy. This is particularly true for trees on vigorous stocks such as MM.106 and seedling. On M.9 rootstock, depending on cultivars 5.9 to 38.9% of sunburned fruit was located in the lower canopy. Most common symptom in the lower canopy was the sunburn browning, however symptoms of sunburn necrosis were not found at lower canopy level. Low rate of photooxidative sunburn was observed such lower canopy conditions. Sunburn incidence was very similar on king or side fruit. Significant differences were not found in the share of each sunburn types between fruit positions on the cluster. This was not influenced by rootstocks either. https://ojs.lib.unideb.hu/IJHS/article/view/839Malus domestica Borkh.applesunburnterminal fruitking fruitlateral fruit |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
J. Racskó Z. Szabó D. D. Miller M. Soltész J. Nyéki |
spellingShingle |
J. Racskó Z. Szabó D. D. Miller M. Soltész J. Nyéki Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster International Journal of Horticultural Science Malus domestica Borkh. apple sunburn terminal fruit king fruit lateral fruit |
author_facet |
J. Racskó Z. Szabó D. D. Miller M. Soltész J. Nyéki |
author_sort |
J. Racskó |
title |
Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
title_short |
Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
title_full |
Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
title_fullStr |
Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
title_sort |
sunburn incidence of apples is affected by rootstocks and fruit position within the canopy but not by fruit position on the cluster |
publisher |
University of Debrecen |
series |
International Journal of Horticultural Science |
issn |
1585-0404 2676-931X |
publishDate |
2009-09-01 |
description |
Authors investigated sunburn incidence of apples on the combinations of three different growth inducing rootstocks (M.9,MM.106 and seedling) and five varieties (‘Smoothee’, ‘Golden Reinders’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gloster’ and ‘Jonagold Jonica’). Symptoms were classified as sunburn browning, sunburn necrosis and photooxidative sunburn. The frequency of symptoms was recorded at various parts of the canopy (N, E,W, S, and lower canopy, upper canopy) and on the cluster (terminal, lateral). Cultivar susceptibility varied between 0.30 and 5.65% on M.9 rootstock, ‘Granny Smith’ seemed to be the most susceptible cultivar whereas relatively low percentage of damaged fruit was observed for ‘Gloster’. On MM.106 and seedling rootstocks, damage level was significantly lower than on M.9. Remarkable differences were not observed in the share of the three sunburn types between cultivars. The most common symptom observed was sunburn browning. Far less fruit was affected by sunburn necrosis and photooxidative sunburn. Photooxidative sunburn symptoms were not found on ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Gloster’ fruits on MM.106 rootstock. Latter cultivar did not show sunburn necrosis symptoms either. With increasing growing vigor of the rootstocks the share of sunburn browning increased. Fruits with sunburn symptoms were found in a great majority on theW quadrant of the trees. This was true for all cultivars. Remarkable differences in the location within the canopy of affected fruits between the three types of sunburn were not observed. Specific distribution of sunburned fruit was observed along the vertical axis of the canopy, too. Most of the damaged fruit were found in the upper canopy. This is particularly true for trees on vigorous stocks such as MM.106 and seedling. On M.9 rootstock, depending on cultivars 5.9 to 38.9% of sunburned fruit was located in the lower canopy. Most common symptom in the lower canopy was the sunburn browning, however symptoms of sunburn necrosis were not found at lower canopy level. Low rate of photooxidative sunburn was observed such lower canopy conditions. Sunburn incidence was very similar on king or side fruit. Significant differences were not found in the share of each sunburn types between fruit positions on the cluster. This was not influenced by rootstocks either.
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topic |
Malus domestica Borkh. apple sunburn terminal fruit king fruit lateral fruit |
url |
https://ojs.lib.unideb.hu/IJHS/article/view/839 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT jracsko sunburnincidenceofapplesisaffectedbyrootstocksandfruitpositionwithinthecanopybutnotbyfruitpositiononthecluster AT zszabo sunburnincidenceofapplesisaffectedbyrootstocksandfruitpositionwithinthecanopybutnotbyfruitpositiononthecluster AT ddmiller sunburnincidenceofapplesisaffectedbyrootstocksandfruitpositionwithinthecanopybutnotbyfruitpositiononthecluster AT msoltesz sunburnincidenceofapplesisaffectedbyrootstocksandfruitpositionwithinthecanopybutnotbyfruitpositiononthecluster AT jnyeki sunburnincidenceofapplesisaffectedbyrootstocksandfruitpositionwithinthecanopybutnotbyfruitpositiononthecluster |
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