Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach
Mounting evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is not just a consequence but a vital contributor to the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Microglia in particular, may contribute to the induction and modulation of inflammation in PD. Upon stimulation, microglia convert into...
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2019-11-01
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doaj-af780580ae8c4beebec3004a59e096d22020-11-25T02:09:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022019-11-011310.3389/fncel.2019.00514492879Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic ApproachCai-Yun Liu0Xu Wang1Chang Liu2Hong-Liang Zhang3Hong-Liang Zhang4Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, ChinaMounting evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is not just a consequence but a vital contributor to the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Microglia in particular, may contribute to the induction and modulation of inflammation in PD. Upon stimulation, microglia convert into activated phenotypes, which exist along a dynamic continuum and bear different immune properties depending on the disease stage and severity. Activated microglia release various factors involved in neuroinflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and prostaglandins (PGs). Further, activated microglia interact with other cell types (e.g., neurons, astrocytes and mast cells) and are closely associated with α-synuclein (α-syn) pathophysiology and iron homeostasis disturbance. Taken together, microglial activation and microglia-mediated inflammatory responses play essential roles in the pathogenesis of PD and elucidation of the complexity and imbalance of microglial activation may shed light on novel therapeutic approaches for PD.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00514/fullParkinson’s diseasemicroglianeuroinflammationmicroglial activationpolarization |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Cai-Yun Liu Xu Wang Chang Liu Hong-Liang Zhang Hong-Liang Zhang |
spellingShingle |
Cai-Yun Liu Xu Wang Chang Liu Hong-Liang Zhang Hong-Liang Zhang Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Parkinson’s disease microglia neuroinflammation microglial activation polarization |
author_facet |
Cai-Yun Liu Xu Wang Chang Liu Hong-Liang Zhang Hong-Liang Zhang |
author_sort |
Cai-Yun Liu |
title |
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach |
title_short |
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach |
title_full |
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach |
title_fullStr |
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach |
title_sort |
pharmacological targeting of microglial activation: new therapeutic approach |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5102 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Mounting evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is not just a consequence but a vital contributor to the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Microglia in particular, may contribute to the induction and modulation of inflammation in PD. Upon stimulation, microglia convert into activated phenotypes, which exist along a dynamic continuum and bear different immune properties depending on the disease stage and severity. Activated microglia release various factors involved in neuroinflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and prostaglandins (PGs). Further, activated microglia interact with other cell types (e.g., neurons, astrocytes and mast cells) and are closely associated with α-synuclein (α-syn) pathophysiology and iron homeostasis disturbance. Taken together, microglial activation and microglia-mediated inflammatory responses play essential roles in the pathogenesis of PD and elucidation of the complexity and imbalance of microglial activation may shed light on novel therapeutic approaches for PD. |
topic |
Parkinson’s disease microglia neuroinflammation microglial activation polarization |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00514/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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