Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines
Exposure to highly toxic pesticides could potentially cause cancer and disrupt the development of vital systems. Monitoring activities were performed to assess the level of contamination; however, these were costly, laborious, and short-term leading to insufficient monitoring data. However, the perf...
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doaj-af953371399f4cc28a1926dd247f5ff42020-11-24T21:26:07ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412017-06-019745110.3390/w9070451w9070451Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, PhilippinesMayzonee Ligaray0Minjeong Kim1Sangsoo Baek2Jin-Sung Ra3Jong Ahn Chun4Yongeun Park5Laurie Boithias6Olivier Ribolzi7Kangmin Chon8Kyung Hwa Cho9School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, KoreaSchool of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, KoreaSchool of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, KoreaEco-Testing & Risk Assessment Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan-si 426910, KoreaAPEC Climate Center, Busan 48058, KoreaSchool of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, KoreaGéosciences Environnement Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse 31400, FranceGéosciences Environnement Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse 31400, FranceDepartment of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, KoreaSchool of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, KoreaExposure to highly toxic pesticides could potentially cause cancer and disrupt the development of vital systems. Monitoring activities were performed to assess the level of contamination; however, these were costly, laborious, and short-term leading to insufficient monitoring data. However, the performance of the existing Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT model) can be restricted by its two-phase partitioning approach, which is inadequate when it comes to simulating pesticides with limited dataset. This study developed a modified SWAT pesticide model to address these challenges. The modified model considered the three-phase partitioning model that classifies the pesticide into three forms: dissolved, particle-bound, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)-associated pesticide. The addition of DOC-associated pesticide particles increases the scope of the pesticide model by also considering the adherence of pesticides to the organic carbon in the soil. The modified SWAT and original SWAT pesticide model was applied to the Pagsanjan-Lumban (PL) basin, a highly agricultural region. Malathion was chosen as the target pesticide since it is commonly used in the basin. The pesticide models simulated the fate and transport of malathion in the PL basin and showed the temporal pattern of selected subbasins. The sensitivity analyses revealed that application efficiency and settling velocity were the most sensitive parameters for the original and modified SWAT model, respectively. Degradation of particulate-phase malathion were also significant to both models. The rate of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values showed that the modified model (R2 = 0.52; NSE = 0.36) gave a slightly better performance compared to the original (R2 = 0.39; NSE = 0.18). Results from this study will be able to aid the government and private agriculture sectors to have an in-depth understanding in managing pesticide usage in agricultural watersheds.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/9/7/451soil and water assessment toolpesticidesmalathionagricultural watershedmodified SWAT model |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mayzonee Ligaray Minjeong Kim Sangsoo Baek Jin-Sung Ra Jong Ahn Chun Yongeun Park Laurie Boithias Olivier Ribolzi Kangmin Chon Kyung Hwa Cho |
spellingShingle |
Mayzonee Ligaray Minjeong Kim Sangsoo Baek Jin-Sung Ra Jong Ahn Chun Yongeun Park Laurie Boithias Olivier Ribolzi Kangmin Chon Kyung Hwa Cho Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines Water soil and water assessment tool pesticides malathion agricultural watershed modified SWAT model |
author_facet |
Mayzonee Ligaray Minjeong Kim Sangsoo Baek Jin-Sung Ra Jong Ahn Chun Yongeun Park Laurie Boithias Olivier Ribolzi Kangmin Chon Kyung Hwa Cho |
author_sort |
Mayzonee Ligaray |
title |
Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines |
title_short |
Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines |
title_full |
Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines |
title_sort |
modeling the fate and transport of malathion in the pagsanjan-lumban basin, philippines |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Water |
issn |
2073-4441 |
publishDate |
2017-06-01 |
description |
Exposure to highly toxic pesticides could potentially cause cancer and disrupt the development of vital systems. Monitoring activities were performed to assess the level of contamination; however, these were costly, laborious, and short-term leading to insufficient monitoring data. However, the performance of the existing Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT model) can be restricted by its two-phase partitioning approach, which is inadequate when it comes to simulating pesticides with limited dataset. This study developed a modified SWAT pesticide model to address these challenges. The modified model considered the three-phase partitioning model that classifies the pesticide into three forms: dissolved, particle-bound, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)-associated pesticide. The addition of DOC-associated pesticide particles increases the scope of the pesticide model by also considering the adherence of pesticides to the organic carbon in the soil. The modified SWAT and original SWAT pesticide model was applied to the Pagsanjan-Lumban (PL) basin, a highly agricultural region. Malathion was chosen as the target pesticide since it is commonly used in the basin. The pesticide models simulated the fate and transport of malathion in the PL basin and showed the temporal pattern of selected subbasins. The sensitivity analyses revealed that application efficiency and settling velocity were the most sensitive parameters for the original and modified SWAT model, respectively. Degradation of particulate-phase malathion were also significant to both models. The rate of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values showed that the modified model (R2 = 0.52; NSE = 0.36) gave a slightly better performance compared to the original (R2 = 0.39; NSE = 0.18). Results from this study will be able to aid the government and private agriculture sectors to have an in-depth understanding in managing pesticide usage in agricultural watersheds. |
topic |
soil and water assessment tool pesticides malathion agricultural watershed modified SWAT model |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/9/7/451 |
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