Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study).
<h4>Background</h4>Saudi Arabia is continuously working on developing its health care system, however with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, self-management education programmes are essential. As part of a planned series of studies...
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doaj-afbfb93fdb83431ea85b9fc06723ba6a2021-03-04T11:15:48ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01157e023290410.1371/journal.pone.0232904Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study).Thamer Al SlamahBarbara I NichollFatima Y AlslailLeanne HarrisCraig A MelvilleDeborah Kinnear<h4>Background</h4>Saudi Arabia is continuously working on developing its health care system, however with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, self-management education programmes are essential. As part of a planned series of studies to develop a culturally sensitive type 2 diabetes self-management programme, this study explores the need versus barriers and facilitators relevant to implementing a national programme for type 2 diabetes self-management education within the community and health care system in Saudi Arabia.<h4>Methods</h4>A qualitative methodology was used to explore the views of a multidisciplinary group of diabetes health professionals and adult patients with type 2 diabetes. The views of nine health professionals working at a specialised diabetes care centre were gathered at two focus groups (four and five) that included doctors, nutritionists, health educators and nurses. Individual interviews with 12 patients with type 2 diabetes (six females and six males) attending the centre were also carried out. Recurring themes through the translated transcripts were studied and treated by the research group under pre-set protocols.<h4>Results</h4>Focus groups with health professionals revealed three main themes. 1. Resources: availability of resources and how they impacted on performance and patients' care; 2.Familiarity with self-management education programmes: educating patients and raising awareness among them; and 3. Lifestyle: patients' lifestyle and how it could affect their compliance with self-management programmes. Interviews with patients also revealed three main themes. 1. Habits: post diagnosis changes in patients' attitudes and behaviours towards diet and physical activity; 2. Health education: awareness of managing type 2 diabetes through health centre advice or self-education; and 3. Culture and society: a lack of cultural or social support created by some social practices or conventions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The findings from this study highlight a gap in type 2 diabetes care system that can be breached through the development of a Saudi specific self-management programme for type 2 diabetes. The identified barriers and facilitators can be used for adapting a self-management programme to the Saudi context. However, initial training is needed for local health professionals to understand the mechanisms of self-management programmes. Such programmes will need to infiltrate to the society, and the patients' families, in particular to tackle the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia and provide a friendlier, more supportive environment for the current patients to self-manage their diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232904 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Thamer Al Slamah Barbara I Nicholl Fatima Y Alslail Leanne Harris Craig A Melville Deborah Kinnear |
spellingShingle |
Thamer Al Slamah Barbara I Nicholl Fatima Y Alslail Leanne Harris Craig A Melville Deborah Kinnear Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Thamer Al Slamah Barbara I Nicholl Fatima Y Alslail Leanne Harris Craig A Melville Deborah Kinnear |
author_sort |
Thamer Al Slamah |
title |
Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). |
title_short |
Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). |
title_full |
Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). |
title_fullStr |
Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia (qualitative study). |
title_sort |
cultural adaptation of self-management of type 2 diabetes in saudi arabia (qualitative study). |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
<h4>Background</h4>Saudi Arabia is continuously working on developing its health care system, however with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, self-management education programmes are essential. As part of a planned series of studies to develop a culturally sensitive type 2 diabetes self-management programme, this study explores the need versus barriers and facilitators relevant to implementing a national programme for type 2 diabetes self-management education within the community and health care system in Saudi Arabia.<h4>Methods</h4>A qualitative methodology was used to explore the views of a multidisciplinary group of diabetes health professionals and adult patients with type 2 diabetes. The views of nine health professionals working at a specialised diabetes care centre were gathered at two focus groups (four and five) that included doctors, nutritionists, health educators and nurses. Individual interviews with 12 patients with type 2 diabetes (six females and six males) attending the centre were also carried out. Recurring themes through the translated transcripts were studied and treated by the research group under pre-set protocols.<h4>Results</h4>Focus groups with health professionals revealed three main themes. 1. Resources: availability of resources and how they impacted on performance and patients' care; 2.Familiarity with self-management education programmes: educating patients and raising awareness among them; and 3. Lifestyle: patients' lifestyle and how it could affect their compliance with self-management programmes. Interviews with patients also revealed three main themes. 1. Habits: post diagnosis changes in patients' attitudes and behaviours towards diet and physical activity; 2. Health education: awareness of managing type 2 diabetes through health centre advice or self-education; and 3. Culture and society: a lack of cultural or social support created by some social practices or conventions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The findings from this study highlight a gap in type 2 diabetes care system that can be breached through the development of a Saudi specific self-management programme for type 2 diabetes. The identified barriers and facilitators can be used for adapting a self-management programme to the Saudi context. However, initial training is needed for local health professionals to understand the mechanisms of self-management programmes. Such programmes will need to infiltrate to the society, and the patients' families, in particular to tackle the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia and provide a friendlier, more supportive environment for the current patients to self-manage their diabetes. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232904 |
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