Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements
Infrared canopy temperature (CT) is a well-established surrogate measure of stomatal conductance. There is ample evidence showing that genotypic variation in stomatal conductance is associated with grain yield in wheat. Our goal was to determine when CT repeatability is greatest (throughout the seas...
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doaj-b0760d377f904bd9b6cb0ec507c2e5d42020-11-25T00:56:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-07-011010.3389/fpls.2019.00875447611Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne MeasurementsDavid M. Deery0Greg J. Rebetzke1Jose A. Jimenez-Berni2William D. Bovill3Richard A. James4Anthony G. Condon5Robert T. Furbank6Robert T. Furbank7Scott C. Chapman8Scott C. Chapman9Ralph A. Fischer10CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, QLD, AustraliaSchool of Food and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, AustraliaCSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaInfrared canopy temperature (CT) is a well-established surrogate measure of stomatal conductance. There is ample evidence showing that genotypic variation in stomatal conductance is associated with grain yield in wheat. Our goal was to determine when CT repeatability is greatest (throughout the season and within the day) to guide CT deployment for research and wheat breeding. CT was measured continuously with ArduCrop wireless infrared thermometers from post-tillering to physiological maturity, and with airborne thermography on cloudless days from manned helicopter at multiple times before and after flowering. Our experiments in wheat, across two years contrasting for water availability, showed that repeatability for CT was greatest later in the season, during grain-filling, and usually in the afternoon. This was supported by the observation that repeatability for ArduCrop, and more so for airborne CT, was significantly associated (P < 0.0001) with calculated clear-sky solar radiation and to a lesser degree, vapor pressure deficit. Adding vapor pressure deficit to a model comprising either clear-sky solar radiation or its determinants, day-of-year and hour-of-day, made little to no improvement to the coefficient of determination. Phenotypic correlations for airborne CT afternoon sampling events were consistently high between events in the same year, more so for the year when soil water was plentiful (r = 0.7 to 0.9) than the year where soil water was limiting (r = 0.4 to 0.9). Phenotypic correlations for afternoon airborne CT were moderate between years contrasting in soil water availability (r = 0.1 to 0.5) and notably greater on two separate days following irrigation or rain in the drier year, ranging from r = 0.39 to 0.53 (P < 0.0001) for the midday events. For ArduCrop CT the pattern of phenotypic correlations, within a given year, was similar for both years: phenotypic correlations were higher during the grain-filling months of October and November and for hours-of-day from 11 onwards. The lowest correlations comprised events from hours-of-day 8 and 9 across all months. The capacity for the airborne method to instantaneously sample CT on hundreds of plots is more suited to large field experiments than the static ArduCrop sensors which measure CT continuously on a single experimental plot at any given time. Our findings provide promising support for the reliable deployment of CT phenotyping for research and wheat breeding, whereby the high repeatability and high phenotypic correlations between afternoon sampling events during grain-filling could enable reliable screening of germplasm from only one or two sampling events.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00875/fullfield experimentsproximal sensingremote sensingdata processingfield phenotypingfoliage temperature |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
David M. Deery Greg J. Rebetzke Jose A. Jimenez-Berni William D. Bovill Richard A. James Anthony G. Condon Robert T. Furbank Robert T. Furbank Scott C. Chapman Scott C. Chapman Ralph A. Fischer |
spellingShingle |
David M. Deery Greg J. Rebetzke Jose A. Jimenez-Berni William D. Bovill Richard A. James Anthony G. Condon Robert T. Furbank Robert T. Furbank Scott C. Chapman Scott C. Chapman Ralph A. Fischer Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements Frontiers in Plant Science field experiments proximal sensing remote sensing data processing field phenotyping foliage temperature |
author_facet |
David M. Deery Greg J. Rebetzke Jose A. Jimenez-Berni William D. Bovill Richard A. James Anthony G. Condon Robert T. Furbank Robert T. Furbank Scott C. Chapman Scott C. Chapman Ralph A. Fischer |
author_sort |
David M. Deery |
title |
Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements |
title_short |
Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements |
title_full |
Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the Phenotypic Repeatability of Canopy Temperature in Wheat Using Continuous-Terrestrial and Airborne Measurements |
title_sort |
evaluation of the phenotypic repeatability of canopy temperature in wheat using continuous-terrestrial and airborne measurements |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Infrared canopy temperature (CT) is a well-established surrogate measure of stomatal conductance. There is ample evidence showing that genotypic variation in stomatal conductance is associated with grain yield in wheat. Our goal was to determine when CT repeatability is greatest (throughout the season and within the day) to guide CT deployment for research and wheat breeding. CT was measured continuously with ArduCrop wireless infrared thermometers from post-tillering to physiological maturity, and with airborne thermography on cloudless days from manned helicopter at multiple times before and after flowering. Our experiments in wheat, across two years contrasting for water availability, showed that repeatability for CT was greatest later in the season, during grain-filling, and usually in the afternoon. This was supported by the observation that repeatability for ArduCrop, and more so for airborne CT, was significantly associated (P < 0.0001) with calculated clear-sky solar radiation and to a lesser degree, vapor pressure deficit. Adding vapor pressure deficit to a model comprising either clear-sky solar radiation or its determinants, day-of-year and hour-of-day, made little to no improvement to the coefficient of determination. Phenotypic correlations for airborne CT afternoon sampling events were consistently high between events in the same year, more so for the year when soil water was plentiful (r = 0.7 to 0.9) than the year where soil water was limiting (r = 0.4 to 0.9). Phenotypic correlations for afternoon airborne CT were moderate between years contrasting in soil water availability (r = 0.1 to 0.5) and notably greater on two separate days following irrigation or rain in the drier year, ranging from r = 0.39 to 0.53 (P < 0.0001) for the midday events. For ArduCrop CT the pattern of phenotypic correlations, within a given year, was similar for both years: phenotypic correlations were higher during the grain-filling months of October and November and for hours-of-day from 11 onwards. The lowest correlations comprised events from hours-of-day 8 and 9 across all months. The capacity for the airborne method to instantaneously sample CT on hundreds of plots is more suited to large field experiments than the static ArduCrop sensors which measure CT continuously on a single experimental plot at any given time. Our findings provide promising support for the reliable deployment of CT phenotyping for research and wheat breeding, whereby the high repeatability and high phenotypic correlations between afternoon sampling events during grain-filling could enable reliable screening of germplasm from only one or two sampling events. |
topic |
field experiments proximal sensing remote sensing data processing field phenotyping foliage temperature |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00875/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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