Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer
Abstract Background This paper describes the testicular cancer trends for incidence, survival, socio-economic status (SES) disparities and second cancer occurrence in Geneva, Switzerland, a high-risk population. Methods We included all testicular germ-cell tumors recorded in the population-based Gen...
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doaj-b0f4ff1f9efa451a8a6ca359680d875f2020-11-25T03:01:03ZengBMCBMC Urology1471-24902019-07-011911810.1186/s12894-019-0494-0Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancerRobin Schaffar0Samaksha Pant1Christine Bouchardy2Hyma Schubert3Elisabetta Rapiti4Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of GenevaGeneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of GenevaGeneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of GenevaGeneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of GenevaGeneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of GenevaAbstract Background This paper describes the testicular cancer trends for incidence, survival, socio-economic status (SES) disparities and second cancer occurrence in Geneva, Switzerland, a high-risk population. Methods We included all testicular germ-cell tumors recorded in the population-based Geneva cancer registry during the period 1970–2012. Changes in incidence trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to calculate the annual percentage change (APC). Overall and cancer-specific survivals (OS, CSS) were estimated by Kaplan Meyer methods. To evaluate the risk of a second cancer we calculated the Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIR) using the Geneva population incidence rates. Results The average annual testicular cancer rate was 7.32/100 000 men, with a non-significant increasing trend during the study period. The highest rates were observed among men younger than 39 years. Despite a trend toward earlier diagnosis, 14% of patients were diagnosed at a late stage. Patients with non-seminoma tumours and patients with low SES were more often diagnosed with an advanced stage. Both OS and CSS improved during the study period but with strong differences by age, stage, morphology and SES. The risk for developing a second cancer was more than doubled. This risk was particularly high for a contralateral testicular cancer, bladder cancer and pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Overall, there was no substantial increase in the incidence of testicular cancer in Geneva in recent decades, however the prognosis has improved. The high risk of developing a second cancer, the differences in stage at diagnosis and survival by SES, require enhanced awareness and surveillance by clinicians, patients and men in general.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12894-019-0494-0Testicular cancerSecond cancerTrendsIncidenceSurvivalSocio-economic status |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Robin Schaffar Samaksha Pant Christine Bouchardy Hyma Schubert Elisabetta Rapiti |
spellingShingle |
Robin Schaffar Samaksha Pant Christine Bouchardy Hyma Schubert Elisabetta Rapiti Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer BMC Urology Testicular cancer Second cancer Trends Incidence Survival Socio-economic status |
author_facet |
Robin Schaffar Samaksha Pant Christine Bouchardy Hyma Schubert Elisabetta Rapiti |
author_sort |
Robin Schaffar |
title |
Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
title_short |
Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
title_full |
Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
title_fullStr |
Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Testicular cancer in Geneva, Switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
title_sort |
testicular cancer in geneva, switzerland, 1970–2012: incidence trends, survival and risk of second cancer |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Urology |
issn |
1471-2490 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background This paper describes the testicular cancer trends for incidence, survival, socio-economic status (SES) disparities and second cancer occurrence in Geneva, Switzerland, a high-risk population. Methods We included all testicular germ-cell tumors recorded in the population-based Geneva cancer registry during the period 1970–2012. Changes in incidence trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to calculate the annual percentage change (APC). Overall and cancer-specific survivals (OS, CSS) were estimated by Kaplan Meyer methods. To evaluate the risk of a second cancer we calculated the Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIR) using the Geneva population incidence rates. Results The average annual testicular cancer rate was 7.32/100 000 men, with a non-significant increasing trend during the study period. The highest rates were observed among men younger than 39 years. Despite a trend toward earlier diagnosis, 14% of patients were diagnosed at a late stage. Patients with non-seminoma tumours and patients with low SES were more often diagnosed with an advanced stage. Both OS and CSS improved during the study period but with strong differences by age, stage, morphology and SES. The risk for developing a second cancer was more than doubled. This risk was particularly high for a contralateral testicular cancer, bladder cancer and pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Overall, there was no substantial increase in the incidence of testicular cancer in Geneva in recent decades, however the prognosis has improved. The high risk of developing a second cancer, the differences in stage at diagnosis and survival by SES, require enhanced awareness and surveillance by clinicians, patients and men in general. |
topic |
Testicular cancer Second cancer Trends Incidence Survival Socio-economic status |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12894-019-0494-0 |
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