Current State of Natural Foci of Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Territory of the Russian Federation

• Main Authors: T. V. Knyazeva, M. A. Patyashina, V. B. Ziatdinov, M. V. Khakimzyanova, L. F. Sadreeva, A. A. Gainullin, G. Sh. Saifullina, Yu. N. Yantykova, D. R. Gubaeva, A. N. Matrosov, A. A. Kuznetsov, N. V. Popov
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Federal Government Health Institution, Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe” 2016-06-01
• Series: Проблемы особо опасных инфекций
• Subjects: природно-очаговые инфекции; носители; переносчики; профилактика заболеваний; natural-focal infections; carriers; vectors; disease prevention
• Online Access: https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/306

Objective of the study is to evaluate the current state of epizootic activity of natural zoonotic foci, as the basis for the development of prophylactic measures aimed at prevention of natural-focal infections during mass events. Materials and methods. Utilized have been reports from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan, the data provided by Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Tatarstan over the period of 2009-2014, and literature references. Results and conclusions. The most pressing natural-focal infectious diseases are hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tick-borne borreliosis, and tick-borne viral encephalitis. Yersinioses, leptospiroses, and West Nile fever are rarely registered. Tularemia infections have not been reported within the past 20 years. The period of 2009-2013 is characterized by the decrease in the numbers of carriers and vectors of the diseases, as well as epizootic activity of natural foci, which came up to minimum values in 2013. Emerged since 2014 increment in the abundance rates of the carriers and later the vectors can lead to the increase in the incidence of natural-focal diseases. In the territory of the Republic, allocated are the spatial combination areas of natural foci of the diseases of various etiology with high risk of population exposure. Previous to conduction of mass events it is necessary to enhance the epizootiological surveillance in the natural foci, the results of which lay premises for the development of complex prophylactic activities.