Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States

Alcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s ef...

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Main Authors: Anne-Pascale eLe Berre, Anne-Lise ePitel, Sandra eChanraud, Hélène eBeaunieux, Francis eEustache, Jean-Luc eMartinot, Michel eREYNAUD, Catherine eMartelli, Torsten eRohlfing, Adolf ePfefferbaum, Edith V Sullivan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00354/full
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spelling doaj-b11445f14dbf488285e73bcbad8de9c12020-11-25T03:50:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612015-06-01910.3389/fnhum.2015.00354136951Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United StatesAnne-Pascale eLe Berre0Anne-Pascale eLe Berre1Anne-Lise ePitel2Anne-Lise ePitel3Sandra eChanraud4Sandra eChanraud5Sandra eChanraud6Sandra eChanraud7Hélène eBeaunieux8Francis eEustache9Jean-Luc eMartinot10Michel eREYNAUD11Michel eREYNAUD12Michel eREYNAUD13Catherine eMartelli14Catherine eMartelli15Catherine eMartelli16Torsten eRohlfing17Adolf ePfefferbaum18Adolf ePfefferbaum19Edith V Sullivan20Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineEPHEINCIA, UMR-CNRS 5287 Université BordeauxNeuroscience Program, SRI InternationalInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenInserm Research Unit 1000, Université Paris-Sud et Université Paris Descartes, SHFJ, I2BMInserm, UMR 669APHP, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse HospitalUniversité Paris-sud 11Inserm, UMR 669APHP, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse HospitalUniversité Paris-sud 11Neuroscience Program, SRI InternationalDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineNeuroscience Program, SRI InternationalDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineAlcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s effects on brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter volumes between France and the United States (U.S.). MRI data from two French sites (Caen and Orsay) and a U.S. laboratory (SRI/Stanford University) were acquired on 1.5T imaging systems in 287 controls, 165 uncomplicated alcoholics (ALC), and 26 alcoholics with Korsakoff’s Syndrome (KS). All data were analyzed at the U.S. site using atlas-based parcellation. Results revealed graded CSF volume enlargement from ALC to KS and white matter volume deficits in KS only. In ALC from France but not the U.S., CSF and white matter volumes correlated with lifetime alcohol consumption, alcoholism duration, and length of sobriety. MRI highlighted CSF volume enlargement in both ALC and KS, serving as a basis for an ex vacuo process to explain correlated gray matter shrinkage. By contrast, MRI provided a sensitive in vivo biomarker of white matter volume shrinkage in KS only, suggesting a specific process sensitive to mechanisms contributing to Wernicke's encephalopathy, the precursor of KS. Identified structural brain abnormalities may provide biomarkers underlying alcoholism's heterogeneity in and among nations and suggest a substrate of gray matter tissue shrinkage. Proposed are hypotheses for national differences in interpreting whether the severity of sequelae observe a graded phenomenon or a continuum from uncomplicated alcoholism to alcoholism complicated by KS.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00354/fullAlcoholismBrainCerebrospinal FluidFranceKorsakoff SyndromeUnited States
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Lise ePitel
Anne-Lise ePitel
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Hélène eBeaunieux
Francis eEustache
Jean-Luc eMartinot
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Torsten eRohlfing
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Edith V Sullivan
spellingShingle Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Lise ePitel
Anne-Lise ePitel
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Hélène eBeaunieux
Francis eEustache
Jean-Luc eMartinot
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Torsten eRohlfing
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Edith V Sullivan
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Alcoholism
Brain
Cerebrospinal Fluid
France
Korsakoff Syndrome
United States
author_facet Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
Anne-Lise ePitel
Anne-Lise ePitel
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Sandra eChanraud
Hélène eBeaunieux
Francis eEustache
Jean-Luc eMartinot
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Michel eREYNAUD
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Catherine eMartelli
Torsten eRohlfing
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Adolf ePfefferbaum
Edith V Sullivan
author_sort Anne-Pascale eLe Berre
title Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
title_short Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
title_full Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
title_fullStr Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
title_full_unstemmed Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
title_sort sensitive biomarkers of alcoholism's effect on brain macrostructure: similarities and differences between france and the united states
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
issn 1662-5161
publishDate 2015-06-01
description Alcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s effects on brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter volumes between France and the United States (U.S.). MRI data from two French sites (Caen and Orsay) and a U.S. laboratory (SRI/Stanford University) were acquired on 1.5T imaging systems in 287 controls, 165 uncomplicated alcoholics (ALC), and 26 alcoholics with Korsakoff’s Syndrome (KS). All data were analyzed at the U.S. site using atlas-based parcellation. Results revealed graded CSF volume enlargement from ALC to KS and white matter volume deficits in KS only. In ALC from France but not the U.S., CSF and white matter volumes correlated with lifetime alcohol consumption, alcoholism duration, and length of sobriety. MRI highlighted CSF volume enlargement in both ALC and KS, serving as a basis for an ex vacuo process to explain correlated gray matter shrinkage. By contrast, MRI provided a sensitive in vivo biomarker of white matter volume shrinkage in KS only, suggesting a specific process sensitive to mechanisms contributing to Wernicke's encephalopathy, the precursor of KS. Identified structural brain abnormalities may provide biomarkers underlying alcoholism's heterogeneity in and among nations and suggest a substrate of gray matter tissue shrinkage. Proposed are hypotheses for national differences in interpreting whether the severity of sequelae observe a graded phenomenon or a continuum from uncomplicated alcoholism to alcoholism complicated by KS.
topic Alcoholism
Brain
Cerebrospinal Fluid
France
Korsakoff Syndrome
United States
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00354/full
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