Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States
Alcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s ef...
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doaj-b11445f14dbf488285e73bcbad8de9c12020-11-25T03:50:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612015-06-01910.3389/fnhum.2015.00354136951Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United StatesAnne-Pascale eLe Berre0Anne-Pascale eLe Berre1Anne-Lise ePitel2Anne-Lise ePitel3Sandra eChanraud4Sandra eChanraud5Sandra eChanraud6Sandra eChanraud7Hélène eBeaunieux8Francis eEustache9Jean-Luc eMartinot10Michel eREYNAUD11Michel eREYNAUD12Michel eREYNAUD13Catherine eMartelli14Catherine eMartelli15Catherine eMartelli16Torsten eRohlfing17Adolf ePfefferbaum18Adolf ePfefferbaum19Edith V Sullivan20Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineEPHEINCIA, UMR-CNRS 5287 Université BordeauxNeuroscience Program, SRI InternationalInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenInserm, EPHE, Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU de CaenInserm Research Unit 1000, Université Paris-Sud et Université Paris Descartes, SHFJ, I2BMInserm, UMR 669APHP, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse HospitalUniversité Paris-sud 11Inserm, UMR 669APHP, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse HospitalUniversité Paris-sud 11Neuroscience Program, SRI InternationalDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineNeuroscience Program, SRI InternationalDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineAlcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s effects on brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter volumes between France and the United States (U.S.). MRI data from two French sites (Caen and Orsay) and a U.S. laboratory (SRI/Stanford University) were acquired on 1.5T imaging systems in 287 controls, 165 uncomplicated alcoholics (ALC), and 26 alcoholics with Korsakoff’s Syndrome (KS). All data were analyzed at the U.S. site using atlas-based parcellation. Results revealed graded CSF volume enlargement from ALC to KS and white matter volume deficits in KS only. In ALC from France but not the U.S., CSF and white matter volumes correlated with lifetime alcohol consumption, alcoholism duration, and length of sobriety. MRI highlighted CSF volume enlargement in both ALC and KS, serving as a basis for an ex vacuo process to explain correlated gray matter shrinkage. By contrast, MRI provided a sensitive in vivo biomarker of white matter volume shrinkage in KS only, suggesting a specific process sensitive to mechanisms contributing to Wernicke's encephalopathy, the precursor of KS. Identified structural brain abnormalities may provide biomarkers underlying alcoholism's heterogeneity in and among nations and suggest a substrate of gray matter tissue shrinkage. Proposed are hypotheses for national differences in interpreting whether the severity of sequelae observe a graded phenomenon or a continuum from uncomplicated alcoholism to alcoholism complicated by KS.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00354/fullAlcoholismBrainCerebrospinal FluidFranceKorsakoff SyndromeUnited States |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Lise ePitel Anne-Lise ePitel Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Hélène eBeaunieux Francis eEustache Jean-Luc eMartinot Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Torsten eRohlfing Adolf ePfefferbaum Adolf ePfefferbaum Edith V Sullivan |
spellingShingle |
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Lise ePitel Anne-Lise ePitel Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Hélène eBeaunieux Francis eEustache Jean-Luc eMartinot Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Torsten eRohlfing Adolf ePfefferbaum Adolf ePfefferbaum Edith V Sullivan Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Alcoholism Brain Cerebrospinal Fluid France Korsakoff Syndrome United States |
author_facet |
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Pascale eLe Berre Anne-Lise ePitel Anne-Lise ePitel Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Sandra eChanraud Hélène eBeaunieux Francis eEustache Jean-Luc eMartinot Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Michel eREYNAUD Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Catherine eMartelli Torsten eRohlfing Adolf ePfefferbaum Adolf ePfefferbaum Edith V Sullivan |
author_sort |
Anne-Pascale eLe Berre |
title |
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States |
title_short |
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States |
title_full |
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States |
title_fullStr |
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitive Biomarkers of Alcoholism's Effect on Brain Macrostructure: Similarities and Differences between France and the United States |
title_sort |
sensitive biomarkers of alcoholism's effect on brain macrostructure: similarities and differences between france and the united states |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5161 |
publishDate |
2015-06-01 |
description |
Alcohol consumption patterns and recognition of health outcomes related to hazardous drinking vary widely internationally, raising the question whether these national differences are reflected in brain damage observed in alcoholism. This retrospective analysis assessed variability of alcoholism’s effects on brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter volumes between France and the United States (U.S.). MRI data from two French sites (Caen and Orsay) and a U.S. laboratory (SRI/Stanford University) were acquired on 1.5T imaging systems in 287 controls, 165 uncomplicated alcoholics (ALC), and 26 alcoholics with Korsakoff’s Syndrome (KS). All data were analyzed at the U.S. site using atlas-based parcellation. Results revealed graded CSF volume enlargement from ALC to KS and white matter volume deficits in KS only. In ALC from France but not the U.S., CSF and white matter volumes correlated with lifetime alcohol consumption, alcoholism duration, and length of sobriety. MRI highlighted CSF volume enlargement in both ALC and KS, serving as a basis for an ex vacuo process to explain correlated gray matter shrinkage. By contrast, MRI provided a sensitive in vivo biomarker of white matter volume shrinkage in KS only, suggesting a specific process sensitive to mechanisms contributing to Wernicke's encephalopathy, the precursor of KS. Identified structural brain abnormalities may provide biomarkers underlying alcoholism's heterogeneity in and among nations and suggest a substrate of gray matter tissue shrinkage. Proposed are hypotheses for national differences in interpreting whether the severity of sequelae observe a graded phenomenon or a continuum from uncomplicated alcoholism to alcoholism complicated by KS. |
topic |
Alcoholism Brain Cerebrospinal Fluid France Korsakoff Syndrome United States |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00354/full |
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