Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV
The population of people living with HIV (PLWH) is growing in number and usually results in mental health problems that impact their quality of life. Therefore, valid instruments and screening methods for psychological disorders are of great significance. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (H...
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doaj-b193c7df8d7840e0a60c763f27d623ac2020-11-24T21:21:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402019-05-011010.3389/fpsyt.2019.00346429755Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIVZhiyuan Yang0Zhiyuan Yang1Xiaojie Huang2Xinchao Liu3Jianhua Hou4Wenfang Wu5Aixin Song6Kathrine Meyers7Tong Zhang8Hui Chen9Hao Wu10Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaThe Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United StatesCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaThe population of people living with HIV (PLWH) is growing in number and usually results in mental health problems that impact their quality of life. Therefore, valid instruments and screening methods for psychological disorders are of great significance. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) reveals good psychometric properties, but shows ambiguous results in factor structure. This study aims to evaluate psychometric properties in terms of the internal reliability and structure validity of the Chinese version of the HADS (C-HADS) in a large sample of PLWH in China. The C-HADS was administered to 4,102 HIV-infected adults at an HIV clinic in China. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the factor structure. Measurement invariance was assessed across gender and course of infection. Internal reliability was also assessed. A bifactor model with anomalous loadings of items 7, 8, and 10 fits the data best and holds measurement invariance across gender and course of infection. Internal reliability was good with all Cronbach’s alphas > 0.70 and Spearman’s ρ between 0.30 and 0.70. The C-HADS has good psychometric properties in terms of internal reliability and structure validity of a bifactor model. The C-HADS is recommended to be used as a total scale that measures general psychological distress, instead of anxiety and depression separately, when applied to PLWH. Further studies are needed to evaluate criterion validity, the cutoff score, and the effect of wording and scoring of the HADS.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00346/fullHospital Anxiety and Depression Scaleinternal reliabilityfactor analysisacquired immune deficiency syndromehuman immunodeficiency virus |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhiyuan Yang Zhiyuan Yang Xiaojie Huang Xinchao Liu Jianhua Hou Wenfang Wu Aixin Song Kathrine Meyers Tong Zhang Hui Chen Hao Wu |
spellingShingle |
Zhiyuan Yang Zhiyuan Yang Xiaojie Huang Xinchao Liu Jianhua Hou Wenfang Wu Aixin Song Kathrine Meyers Tong Zhang Hui Chen Hao Wu Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV Frontiers in Psychiatry Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale internal reliability factor analysis acquired immune deficiency syndrome human immunodeficiency virus |
author_facet |
Zhiyuan Yang Zhiyuan Yang Xiaojie Huang Xinchao Liu Jianhua Hou Wenfang Wu Aixin Song Kathrine Meyers Tong Zhang Hui Chen Hao Wu |
author_sort |
Zhiyuan Yang |
title |
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV |
title_short |
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV |
title_full |
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV |
title_fullStr |
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV |
title_full_unstemmed |
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in People Living With HIV |
title_sort |
psychometric properties and factor structure of the chinese version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in people living with hiv |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
issn |
1664-0640 |
publishDate |
2019-05-01 |
description |
The population of people living with HIV (PLWH) is growing in number and usually results in mental health problems that impact their quality of life. Therefore, valid instruments and screening methods for psychological disorders are of great significance. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) reveals good psychometric properties, but shows ambiguous results in factor structure. This study aims to evaluate psychometric properties in terms of the internal reliability and structure validity of the Chinese version of the HADS (C-HADS) in a large sample of PLWH in China. The C-HADS was administered to 4,102 HIV-infected adults at an HIV clinic in China. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the factor structure. Measurement invariance was assessed across gender and course of infection. Internal reliability was also assessed. A bifactor model with anomalous loadings of items 7, 8, and 10 fits the data best and holds measurement invariance across gender and course of infection. Internal reliability was good with all Cronbach’s alphas > 0.70 and Spearman’s ρ between 0.30 and 0.70. The C-HADS has good psychometric properties in terms of internal reliability and structure validity of a bifactor model. The C-HADS is recommended to be used as a total scale that measures general psychological distress, instead of anxiety and depression separately, when applied to PLWH. Further studies are needed to evaluate criterion validity, the cutoff score, and the effect of wording and scoring of the HADS. |
topic |
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale internal reliability factor analysis acquired immune deficiency syndrome human immunodeficiency virus |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00346/full |
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