The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China
Abstract Background The People’s Republic of China (P.R. China) is the presumptive home range of the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a major aetiological agent of human eosinophilic meningitis. We present a study of the genetic variation of A. cantonensis in P.R. China. Our aim was to deep...
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doaj-b196c17b2952463e83fe773501568b4a2020-11-24T21:11:06ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572017-09-016111110.1186/s40249-017-0341-zThe genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of ChinaShan Lv0Yi Zhang1Peter Steinmann2Jürg Utzinger3Xiao-Nong Zhou4National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionSwiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteSwiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background The People’s Republic of China (P.R. China) is the presumptive home range of the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a major aetiological agent of human eosinophilic meningitis. We present a study of the genetic variation of A. cantonensis in P.R. China. Our aim was to deepen the current knowledge pertaining to its origin and global spread from a molecular perspective. Methods Adult A. cantonensis were collected in the frame of a national survey and identified based on morphological criteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to amplify the target DNA sequences (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)). The PCR product of cox1 was directly submitted to sequencing, while clone sequencing was used for nad1 and ITS. The identity of the samples was verified by comparing the sequences to those of accepted A. cantonensis specimens. The specific composition of substitutions in each gene was analysed, and the genotypes were compared based on the complete cox1, nad1 and ITS genes. Results We characterised the complete mitochondrial genes cox1 and nad1 of 130 specimens and obtained 357 nuclear sequences containing two complete ITS (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S rRNA of the same samples. All specimens were genetically confirmed as A. cantonensis. Two major groups (i.e. I and II) were identified according to the phylogeny of cox1 sequences. Group I could be further categorised into six distinct clades. Almost half of the specimens (47.7%) belong to the clade Ia and 22.3% to the group II. The former was widely distributed across the study region. A variable number of repeat units in three microsatellites was observed, resulting in considerable length variation in ITS. Intragenomic variation of ITS sequences was found in a large proportion of the samples. Genotyping showed a striking difference between mitochondrial DNA and ITS. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that A. cantonensis is the only rat lungworm species in P.R. China and shows high genetic diversity. Results of diversity and genotyping of A. cantonensis can be impacted by the sequencing strategy and biomarker. Although ITS may be a valuable marker for interspecific identification, it is not suitable for studying the intraspecific variation of A. cantonensis due to its high intragenomic variation and current challenges for direct sequencing.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-017-0341-zAngiostrongylus cantonensisGeneticscox1nad1Internal transcribed spacerPeople’s Republic of China |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shan Lv Yi Zhang Peter Steinmann Jürg Utzinger Xiao-Nong Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Shan Lv Yi Zhang Peter Steinmann Jürg Utzinger Xiao-Nong Zhou The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China Infectious Diseases of Poverty Angiostrongylus cantonensis Genetics cox1 nad1 Internal transcribed spacer People’s Republic of China |
author_facet |
Shan Lv Yi Zhang Peter Steinmann Jürg Utzinger Xiao-Nong Zhou |
author_sort |
Shan Lv |
title |
The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China |
title_short |
The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China |
title_full |
The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China |
title_fullStr |
The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China |
title_full_unstemmed |
The genetic variation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the People’s Republic of China |
title_sort |
genetic variation of angiostrongylus cantonensis in the people’s republic of china |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
issn |
2049-9957 |
publishDate |
2017-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background The People’s Republic of China (P.R. China) is the presumptive home range of the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a major aetiological agent of human eosinophilic meningitis. We present a study of the genetic variation of A. cantonensis in P.R. China. Our aim was to deepen the current knowledge pertaining to its origin and global spread from a molecular perspective. Methods Adult A. cantonensis were collected in the frame of a national survey and identified based on morphological criteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to amplify the target DNA sequences (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)). The PCR product of cox1 was directly submitted to sequencing, while clone sequencing was used for nad1 and ITS. The identity of the samples was verified by comparing the sequences to those of accepted A. cantonensis specimens. The specific composition of substitutions in each gene was analysed, and the genotypes were compared based on the complete cox1, nad1 and ITS genes. Results We characterised the complete mitochondrial genes cox1 and nad1 of 130 specimens and obtained 357 nuclear sequences containing two complete ITS (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S rRNA of the same samples. All specimens were genetically confirmed as A. cantonensis. Two major groups (i.e. I and II) were identified according to the phylogeny of cox1 sequences. Group I could be further categorised into six distinct clades. Almost half of the specimens (47.7%) belong to the clade Ia and 22.3% to the group II. The former was widely distributed across the study region. A variable number of repeat units in three microsatellites was observed, resulting in considerable length variation in ITS. Intragenomic variation of ITS sequences was found in a large proportion of the samples. Genotyping showed a striking difference between mitochondrial DNA and ITS. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that A. cantonensis is the only rat lungworm species in P.R. China and shows high genetic diversity. Results of diversity and genotyping of A. cantonensis can be impacted by the sequencing strategy and biomarker. Although ITS may be a valuable marker for interspecific identification, it is not suitable for studying the intraspecific variation of A. cantonensis due to its high intragenomic variation and current challenges for direct sequencing. |
topic |
Angiostrongylus cantonensis Genetics cox1 nad1 Internal transcribed spacer People’s Republic of China |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-017-0341-z |
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