Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus
Neurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) have axons that branch peripherally to innervate the orofacial region and project centrally to several motor nuclei in brainstem. The dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMV) resides in the brainstem and takes a role in visceral motor function s...
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Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-03-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.638000/full |
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doaj-b244c788749e4f23923cb56537d15565 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xin Liu Minghong Shi Haotian Ren Mianjiao Xie Chunkui Zhang Dongmei Wang Xiaodong Liu Jinlian Li Meiqing Wang Meiqing Wang |
spellingShingle |
Xin Liu Minghong Shi Haotian Ren Mianjiao Xie Chunkui Zhang Dongmei Wang Xiaodong Liu Jinlian Li Meiqing Wang Meiqing Wang Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus Frontiers in Neural Circuits trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve unilateral anterior crossbite occlusion vesicular glutamate transporter 1 glucagon |
author_facet |
Xin Liu Minghong Shi Haotian Ren Mianjiao Xie Chunkui Zhang Dongmei Wang Xiaodong Liu Jinlian Li Meiqing Wang Meiqing Wang |
author_sort |
Xin Liu |
title |
Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus |
title_short |
Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus |
title_full |
Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus |
title_fullStr |
Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus |
title_full_unstemmed |
Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus |
title_sort |
excitatory impact of dental occlusion on dorsal motor nucleus of vagus |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
issn |
1662-5110 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Neurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) have axons that branch peripherally to innervate the orofacial region and project centrally to several motor nuclei in brainstem. The dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMV) resides in the brainstem and takes a role in visceral motor function such as pancreatic exocrine secretion. The present study aimed to demonstrate the presence of Vme–DMV circuit, activation of which would elicit a trigeminal neuroendocrine response. A masticatory dysfunctional animal model termed unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model created by disturbing the dental occlusion was used. Cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) was injected into the inferior alveolar nerve of rats to help identify the central axon terminals of Vme neurons around the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) positive motor neurons in the DMV. The level of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) expressed in DMV, the level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expressed in pancreas, the level of glucagon and insulin expression in islets and serum, and the blood glucose level were detected and compared between UAC and the age matched sham-operation control mice. Data indicated that compared with the controls, there were more CTb/VGLUT1 double labeled axon endings around the ChAT positive neurons in the DMV of UAC groups. Mice in UAC group expressed a higher VGLUT1 protein level in DMV, AChE protein level in pancreas, glucagon and insulin level in islet and serum, and higher postprandial blood glucose level, but lower fasting blood glucose level. All these were reversed at 15-weeks when UAC cessation was performed from 11-weeks (all, P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrated Vme–DMV circuit via which the aberrant occlusion elicited a trigeminal neuroendocrine response such as alteration in the postprandial blood glucose level. Dental occlusion is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for reversing the increased postprandial glucose level. |
topic |
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve unilateral anterior crossbite occlusion vesicular glutamate transporter 1 glucagon |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.638000/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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spelling |
doaj-b244c788749e4f23923cb56537d155652021-03-12T05:02:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neural Circuits1662-51102021-03-011510.3389/fncir.2021.638000638000Excitatory Impact of Dental Occlusion on Dorsal Motor Nucleus of VagusXin Liu0Minghong Shi1Haotian Ren2Mianjiao Xie3Chunkui Zhang4Dongmei Wang5Xiaodong Liu6Jinlian Li7Meiqing Wang8Meiqing Wang9State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaSchool of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Stomatology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaDepartment of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaSchool of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaDepartment of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaSchool of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaNeurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) have axons that branch peripherally to innervate the orofacial region and project centrally to several motor nuclei in brainstem. The dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMV) resides in the brainstem and takes a role in visceral motor function such as pancreatic exocrine secretion. The present study aimed to demonstrate the presence of Vme–DMV circuit, activation of which would elicit a trigeminal neuroendocrine response. A masticatory dysfunctional animal model termed unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model created by disturbing the dental occlusion was used. Cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) was injected into the inferior alveolar nerve of rats to help identify the central axon terminals of Vme neurons around the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) positive motor neurons in the DMV. The level of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) expressed in DMV, the level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expressed in pancreas, the level of glucagon and insulin expression in islets and serum, and the blood glucose level were detected and compared between UAC and the age matched sham-operation control mice. Data indicated that compared with the controls, there were more CTb/VGLUT1 double labeled axon endings around the ChAT positive neurons in the DMV of UAC groups. Mice in UAC group expressed a higher VGLUT1 protein level in DMV, AChE protein level in pancreas, glucagon and insulin level in islet and serum, and higher postprandial blood glucose level, but lower fasting blood glucose level. All these were reversed at 15-weeks when UAC cessation was performed from 11-weeks (all, P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrated Vme–DMV circuit via which the aberrant occlusion elicited a trigeminal neuroendocrine response such as alteration in the postprandial blood glucose level. Dental occlusion is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for reversing the increased postprandial glucose level.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.638000/fulltrigeminal mesencephalic nucleusdorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerveunilateral anterior crossbiteocclusionvesicular glutamate transporter 1glucagon |