Morbilidad cardiovascular por autoreporte y su asociación con factores biopsicosociales, Tolima, Colombia / Self reported cardiovascular disease and association with biopsychosocial factors, Tolima, Colombia

• Main Authors: Laura Sánchez, Johanna M. Barbosa A, Samuel A. Arias V
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidad de Antioquia 2014-01-01
• Series: Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública
• Subjects: Enfermedad cardiovascular; prevalencia; auto-reporte; factores de riesgo; enfermedades no transmisibles.; Cardiovascular disease; prevalence; selfreporting; risk factors; non-communicable diseases; NCDs
• Online Access: http://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/revistas/index.php/fnsp/article/view/13628/15763

Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia de morbilidad cardiovascular por autoreporte en adultos de 18 a 69 años, en el Tolima, y explorar su asociación con factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales, a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007. Metodología: estudio epidemiológico observacional, con un componente descriptivo-transversal y otro analítico-transversal de asociación, que empleó 1219 registros de personas entre 18 y 69 años del departamento del Tolima, provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007. Se describieron las características demográficas y se determinó la prevalencia de factores de riesgo biopsicosociales para enfermedad cardiovascular por auto-reporte. Se exploraron asociaciones entre esos factores y enfermedad cardiovascular grave. Resultados: los factores de riesgo más prevalentes en las personas que desarrollaron un evento cardiovascular fueron hipertensión: 16,8%; dependencia al alcohol: 14,1%; nivel educativo nulo: 14%; la prevalencia de eventos cardiovasculares graves es del 5,5%. Al ajustar por variables de sexo y edad se encontró que los factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular grave son el autoreporte de problemas de salud mental, hipertensión, dependencia al alcohol, hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceridemia. Conclusiones: además de los factores biológicos reconocidos, se encontró que el autoreporte de problemáticas mentales también es un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular grave auto-reportada.ç Objective: to determine the prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular disease in adults aged 18 to 69 in Tolima and to explore their association with biological, psychological and social factors from the 2007 National Health Survey. Methodology: an observational epidemiological study with a descriptive component and an analytic cross section of association, employing 1219 records of people between the ages of 18 and 69 in the Tolima department, taken from the 2007 National Health Survey. Demographic characteristics were described and the prevalence of biopsychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease by self-reporting was determined. The relationships between these factors and severe cardiovascular disease were explored. Results: the most prevalent risk factors in people who developed a cardiovascular event were high blood pressure: 16.8%; alcohol dependence: 14.1%; lack of education: 14%. The prevalence of major cardiovascular events was 5.5%. After adjusting for age and sex variables it was found that risk factors for major cardiovascular disease are: self-reporting of mental health problems, hypertension, alcohol dependence, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions: in addition to the biological factors that were identified, it was found that self-reporting mental health issues is also a risk factor for self-reported serious cardiovascular disease.