Assessment of patients knowledge and attitude towards diabetes and its relationship with glycemic control: A cross-sectional study in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

• Main Authors: R C Anakwue, E E Young, C C Ezenduka, C I Okoli, A N Maduforo, I D Nnakenyi, C I Ndiokwelu, O Onwujekwe
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2019-01-01
• Series: Nigerian Journal of Medicine
• Subjects: diabetes mellitus; knowledge; attitude; glycaemic control
• Online Access: http://www.njmonline.org/article.asp?issn=1115-2613;year=2019;volume=28;issue=1;spage=46;epage=55;aulast=Anakwue;type=0

BACKGROUND: It is postulated that increased knowledge of patients about diabetes as well as a positive attitude will lead to improved glycaemic control and better outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of diabetic patients in a tertiary hospital in Enugu and the relationship with their glycaemic control. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done using a structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic data and assess knowledge and attitude to diabetes on consecutive patients attending the outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital. Responses were scored with equal weighting. The fasting blood glucose of the patients was measured and recorded. RESULT: There were 51(60.7%) females and 33 (39.3%) males, with majority (63.1%) in the age range 41 -64 years and 32(38.1%) had only primary education. The mean knowledge score was 6.19 ± 2.08 and 33(39.3%) demonstrated good knowledge. Knowledge did not differ between males and females (p=0.34), but was highest in those with tertiary education (p = 0.02). Positive attitude to the condition was recorded in 63(75%) subjects. There was poor correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = -0.161, p= 0.14). Those with good knowledge scores were 2 times more likely to have good glycaemic control compared with those with poor knowledge; OR = 2.015, p = 0.02. There was no significant difference between the glycemic control of those with good attitude and those with poor attitude (p= 0.08). CONCLUSION: Although overall knowledge was poor, patients had a good attitude to their illness. Knowledge, but not attitude was significantly positively associated with glycemic control.