Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)

As habitats change due to global and local pressures, population resilience and adaptive processes depend not only on their gene pools but also on their associated bacteria communities. The hologenome can play a determinant role in adaptive evolution of higher organisms that rely on their bacterial...

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Main Authors: Tania eAires, Ester A. Serrão, Aschwin H. Engelen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00559/full
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spelling doaj-b43dabdd0e1c441193f8237ef54b61842020-11-24T23:04:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-04-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.00559179692Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)Tania eAires0Ester A. Serrão1Aschwin H. Engelen2Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR)Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR)Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR)As habitats change due to global and local pressures, population resilience and adaptive processes depend not only on their gene pools but also on their associated bacteria communities. The hologenome can play a determinant role in adaptive evolution of higher organisms that rely on their bacterial associates for vital processes. In this study, we focus on the associated bacteria of the two most invasive seaweeds in southwest Iberia (coastal mainland) and nearby offshore Atlantic islands, Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA barcoding through 454 next generation sequencing and exploratory shotgun metagenomics to provide functional insights and a backbone for future functional studies. The bacterial community composition was clearly different between the two species A. taxiformis and A. armata and between continental and island habitats. The latter was mainly due to higher abundances of Acidimicrobiales, Sphingomonadales, Xanthomonadales, Myxococcales and Alteromonadales on the continent. Metabolic assignments for these groups contained a higher number of reads in functions related to oxidative stress and resistance to toxic compounds, more precisely heavy metals. These results are in agreement with their usual association with hydrocarbon degradation and heavy-metals detoxification. In contrast, A. taxiformis from islands contained more bacteria related to oligotrophic environments which might putatively play a role in mineralization of dissolved organic matter. The higher number of functional assignments found in the metagenomes of A. taxiformis collected from Cape Verde Islands suggest a higher contribution of bacteria to compensate nutrient limitation in oligotrophic environments. Our results show that Asparagopsis-associated bacterial communities have host specificity and are modulated by environmental conditions. Whether this environmental effect reflects the host’s selective requirements or the locally available bacteria remains to be addressed. However, the known functional capacities of these bacterial communities indicate their potential to eco-physiological functions that could be valuable for the host fitness.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00559/fulladaptationBacterial communitiesmetagenomesAsparagopsis sp.coastal vs off-shore areaspolluted vs pristine environments
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Tania eAires
Ester A. Serrão
Aschwin H. Engelen
spellingShingle Tania eAires
Ester A. Serrão
Aschwin H. Engelen
Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
Frontiers in Microbiology
adaptation
Bacterial communities
metagenomes
Asparagopsis sp.
coastal vs off-shore areas
polluted vs pristine environments
author_facet Tania eAires
Ester A. Serrão
Aschwin H. Engelen
author_sort Tania eAires
title Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
title_short Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
title_full Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
title_fullStr Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
title_full_unstemmed Host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus Asparagopsis)
title_sort host and environmental specificity in bacterial communities associated to two highly invasive marine species (genus asparagopsis)
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Microbiology
issn 1664-302X
publishDate 2016-04-01
description As habitats change due to global and local pressures, population resilience and adaptive processes depend not only on their gene pools but also on their associated bacteria communities. The hologenome can play a determinant role in adaptive evolution of higher organisms that rely on their bacterial associates for vital processes. In this study, we focus on the associated bacteria of the two most invasive seaweeds in southwest Iberia (coastal mainland) and nearby offshore Atlantic islands, Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA barcoding through 454 next generation sequencing and exploratory shotgun metagenomics to provide functional insights and a backbone for future functional studies. The bacterial community composition was clearly different between the two species A. taxiformis and A. armata and between continental and island habitats. The latter was mainly due to higher abundances of Acidimicrobiales, Sphingomonadales, Xanthomonadales, Myxococcales and Alteromonadales on the continent. Metabolic assignments for these groups contained a higher number of reads in functions related to oxidative stress and resistance to toxic compounds, more precisely heavy metals. These results are in agreement with their usual association with hydrocarbon degradation and heavy-metals detoxification. In contrast, A. taxiformis from islands contained more bacteria related to oligotrophic environments which might putatively play a role in mineralization of dissolved organic matter. The higher number of functional assignments found in the metagenomes of A. taxiformis collected from Cape Verde Islands suggest a higher contribution of bacteria to compensate nutrient limitation in oligotrophic environments. Our results show that Asparagopsis-associated bacterial communities have host specificity and are modulated by environmental conditions. Whether this environmental effect reflects the host’s selective requirements or the locally available bacteria remains to be addressed. However, the known functional capacities of these bacterial communities indicate their potential to eco-physiological functions that could be valuable for the host fitness.
topic adaptation
Bacterial communities
metagenomes
Asparagopsis sp.
coastal vs off-shore areas
polluted vs pristine environments
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00559/full
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