The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel
Objectives: Invasive Candida infections pose a major public health problem worldwide and is a major cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection. Our aim was to assess dynamics in incidence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candidemia episodes in Jerusalem, to better understand the...
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doaj-b4cba5577cf042dea29f0e574cb14baa2020-11-25T02:15:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882019-10-01910.3389/fcimb.2019.00352485301The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, IsraelSarah Israel0Sharon Amit1Ariel Israel2Ayalah Livneh3Ran Nir-Paz4Maya Korem5Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, IsraelClalit Health Services, Jerusalem Research Center, Jerusalem, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, IsraelObjectives: Invasive Candida infections pose a major public health problem worldwide and is a major cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection. Our aim was to assess dynamics in incidence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candidemia episodes in Jerusalem, to better understand the epidemiology of invasive isolates and to better direct therapy.Methods: We analyzed the incidence dynamics, species distribution and susceptibility pattern of 899 candidemia episodes during 2005–2016 in Jerusalem.Results: The overall incidence of candidemia was relatively low of 0.62 per 1,000 admissions. Candida albicans was the leading pathogen (39.4%); however, there was a shift toward non-albicans species, with Candida glabrata predominating among them (40%). As expected, more than one-third of candidemias occurred in intensive care units. However, the distribution between species varied and Candida tropicalis was the leading pathogen in hematology-oncology patients. The susceptibility of isolates to antifungals remained stable throughout the years. Only a minority of Candida albicans isolates were non-susceptible to fluconazole (3.3%), however, an unexpectedly high resistance rate (37.8%) was observed in Candida parapsilosis isolates. We found an alarming rate of caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata (33.6%) and Candida krusei (67%); this may reflect misclassification of resistance by the E-test method.Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive candidemia analysis in the Jerusalem area that should serve as a basis for decision-making regarding appropriate antifungal treatment in the hospital setting. The exceptional high resistance rate amongst Candida parapsilosis emphasizes the importance of antifungal susceptibility monitoring in medical centers serving large urban areas to better direct appropriate treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00352/fullCandida speciesresistanceantifungal treatmentantifungal susceptibilityepidemiology |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sarah Israel Sharon Amit Ariel Israel Ayalah Livneh Ran Nir-Paz Maya Korem |
spellingShingle |
Sarah Israel Sharon Amit Ariel Israel Ayalah Livneh Ran Nir-Paz Maya Korem The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Candida species resistance antifungal treatment antifungal susceptibility epidemiology |
author_facet |
Sarah Israel Sharon Amit Ariel Israel Ayalah Livneh Ran Nir-Paz Maya Korem |
author_sort |
Sarah Israel |
title |
The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel |
title_short |
The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel |
title_full |
The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel |
title_fullStr |
The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Epidemiology and Susceptibility of Candidemia in Jerusalem, Israel |
title_sort |
epidemiology and susceptibility of candidemia in jerusalem, israel |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
issn |
2235-2988 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Objectives: Invasive Candida infections pose a major public health problem worldwide and is a major cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection. Our aim was to assess dynamics in incidence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candidemia episodes in Jerusalem, to better understand the epidemiology of invasive isolates and to better direct therapy.Methods: We analyzed the incidence dynamics, species distribution and susceptibility pattern of 899 candidemia episodes during 2005–2016 in Jerusalem.Results: The overall incidence of candidemia was relatively low of 0.62 per 1,000 admissions. Candida albicans was the leading pathogen (39.4%); however, there was a shift toward non-albicans species, with Candida glabrata predominating among them (40%). As expected, more than one-third of candidemias occurred in intensive care units. However, the distribution between species varied and Candida tropicalis was the leading pathogen in hematology-oncology patients. The susceptibility of isolates to antifungals remained stable throughout the years. Only a minority of Candida albicans isolates were non-susceptible to fluconazole (3.3%), however, an unexpectedly high resistance rate (37.8%) was observed in Candida parapsilosis isolates. We found an alarming rate of caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata (33.6%) and Candida krusei (67%); this may reflect misclassification of resistance by the E-test method.Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive candidemia analysis in the Jerusalem area that should serve as a basis for decision-making regarding appropriate antifungal treatment in the hospital setting. The exceptional high resistance rate amongst Candida parapsilosis emphasizes the importance of antifungal susceptibility monitoring in medical centers serving large urban areas to better direct appropriate treatment. |
topic |
Candida species resistance antifungal treatment antifungal susceptibility epidemiology |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00352/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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