Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts
Phosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial waste from the production of phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer. Disposal and landfill of PG pose significant environmental problems due to its hazardous components. Although many researchers have explored the possibility of PG recycling, challenges still ex...
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doaj-b51a7ca61ef94438adc2b0404709aa732021-07-23T13:36:24ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-06-011171971910.3390/cryst11070719Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental ImpactsKai Ren0Na Cui1Shuyuan Zhao2Kai Zheng3Xia Ji4Lichao Feng5Xin Cheng6Ning Xie7School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaPhosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial waste from the production of phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer. Disposal and landfill of PG pose significant environmental problems due to its hazardous components. Although many researchers have explored the possibility of PG recycling, challenges still exist before it can be high-effectively reused. In particular, a great deal of recent attention has been attracted to explore using PG as raw material to manufacture sustainable composites. The impurities movement, recycling efficiency, and environmental impacts have to be further investigated. This review article summarized the state of the art of the purification process, application areas, and the environmental impacts of PG waste. The main challenges and potential application approaches were discussed. This article is focused on reviewing the details of the PG reusing which benefits the readers on learning the knowledge from previous efforts. The main challenges of reusing PG were discussed from the chemical, physical, and materials perspectives.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/7/719phosphogypsumbuilding materialscompositesrecyclingenvironmental impact |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kai Ren Na Cui Shuyuan Zhao Kai Zheng Xia Ji Lichao Feng Xin Cheng Ning Xie |
spellingShingle |
Kai Ren Na Cui Shuyuan Zhao Kai Zheng Xia Ji Lichao Feng Xin Cheng Ning Xie Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts Crystals phosphogypsum building materials composites recycling environmental impact |
author_facet |
Kai Ren Na Cui Shuyuan Zhao Kai Zheng Xia Ji Lichao Feng Xin Cheng Ning Xie |
author_sort |
Kai Ren |
title |
Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts |
title_short |
Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts |
title_full |
Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts |
title_fullStr |
Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Low-Carbon Sustainable Composites from Waste Phosphogypsum and Their Environmental Impacts |
title_sort |
low-carbon sustainable composites from waste phosphogypsum and their environmental impacts |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Crystals |
issn |
2073-4352 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Phosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial waste from the production of phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer. Disposal and landfill of PG pose significant environmental problems due to its hazardous components. Although many researchers have explored the possibility of PG recycling, challenges still exist before it can be high-effectively reused. In particular, a great deal of recent attention has been attracted to explore using PG as raw material to manufacture sustainable composites. The impurities movement, recycling efficiency, and environmental impacts have to be further investigated. This review article summarized the state of the art of the purification process, application areas, and the environmental impacts of PG waste. The main challenges and potential application approaches were discussed. This article is focused on reviewing the details of the PG reusing which benefits the readers on learning the knowledge from previous efforts. The main challenges of reusing PG were discussed from the chemical, physical, and materials perspectives. |
topic |
phosphogypsum building materials composites recycling environmental impact |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/7/719 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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