Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L.
Heavy metal accumulation causes huge environmental problems, particularly in agricultural ecosystems which have deteriorative effects on the yield and quality of crops. Individual copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) effects have been investigated extensively in plants; however, co-contamination of Cu and...
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doaj-b57edd45c0b24ce18d8a0581fe80ac332020-11-24T23:01:13ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412018-01-01201810.1155/2018/92481239248123Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L.Lan Li0Kangni Zhang1Rafaqat A. Gill2Faisal Islam3Muhammad A. Farooq4Jian Wang5Weijun Zhou6Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaOil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430000, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaHeavy metal accumulation causes huge environmental problems, particularly in agricultural ecosystems which have deteriorative effects on the yield and quality of crops. Individual copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) effects have been investigated extensively in plants; however, co-contamination of Cu and Cr induced stress on Brassica napus L. is still unclear. In the present experiment, the interactive effects of Cu and Cr were studied in two B. napus cultivars (Zheda 622 and ZS 758). Results showed that the application of Cr was more toxic than Cu, and their combined stress had shown a significant adverse effect on plant growth. Biomass and photosynthetic pigment were decreased remarkably under all metal treatments. Individual treatments of Cu and Cr and their combination cause the accumulation of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and their mRNA transcription levels, such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase, were increased, especially when treated with Cr alone or under Cu+Cr combined treatment in both cultivars, except for the CAT activity which was decreased in both leaves and roots of sensitive cultivar Zheda 622 as compared with their respective controls. Additionally, nonenzymatic antioxidants like reduced and oxidized glutathione showed a differential activity pattern in roots and leaves of both cultivars. A more pronounced modification in chloroplast ultrastructure was observed in both cultivars under Cu+Cr treatment followed by Cr and Cu alone treatments. Furthermore, synergistic effects of Cu and Cr were prominent; this may be due to the enhanced metals uptake under combined treatment, which suggests that Cr and Cu interaction is not competitive but is rather additive and genotypic-dependent.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9248123 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lan Li Kangni Zhang Rafaqat A. Gill Faisal Islam Muhammad A. Farooq Jian Wang Weijun Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Lan Li Kangni Zhang Rafaqat A. Gill Faisal Islam Muhammad A. Farooq Jian Wang Weijun Zhou Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. BioMed Research International |
author_facet |
Lan Li Kangni Zhang Rafaqat A. Gill Faisal Islam Muhammad A. Farooq Jian Wang Weijun Zhou |
author_sort |
Lan Li |
title |
Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. |
title_short |
Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. |
title_full |
Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. |
title_fullStr |
Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecotoxicological and Interactive Effects of Copper and Chromium on Physiochemical, Ultrastructural, and Molecular Profiling in Brassica napus L. |
title_sort |
ecotoxicological and interactive effects of copper and chromium on physiochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular profiling in brassica napus l. |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
BioMed Research International |
issn |
2314-6133 2314-6141 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
Heavy metal accumulation causes huge environmental problems, particularly in agricultural ecosystems which have deteriorative effects on the yield and quality of crops. Individual copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) effects have been investigated extensively in plants; however, co-contamination of Cu and Cr induced stress on Brassica napus L. is still unclear. In the present experiment, the interactive effects of Cu and Cr were studied in two B. napus cultivars (Zheda 622 and ZS 758). Results showed that the application of Cr was more toxic than Cu, and their combined stress had shown a significant adverse effect on plant growth. Biomass and photosynthetic pigment were decreased remarkably under all metal treatments. Individual treatments of Cu and Cr and their combination cause the accumulation of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and their mRNA transcription levels, such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase, were increased, especially when treated with Cr alone or under Cu+Cr combined treatment in both cultivars, except for the CAT activity which was decreased in both leaves and roots of sensitive cultivar Zheda 622 as compared with their respective controls. Additionally, nonenzymatic antioxidants like reduced and oxidized glutathione showed a differential activity pattern in roots and leaves of both cultivars. A more pronounced modification in chloroplast ultrastructure was observed in both cultivars under Cu+Cr treatment followed by Cr and Cu alone treatments. Furthermore, synergistic effects of Cu and Cr were prominent; this may be due to the enhanced metals uptake under combined treatment, which suggests that Cr and Cu interaction is not competitive but is rather additive and genotypic-dependent. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9248123 |
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