Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton
TOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, which integrates stress-related cues with growth and metabolic outputs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the regulation of eukaryotic genes. However, little is known about TOR's function in regula...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-01-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00690/full |
id |
doaj-b5cc1a8b0eef43caae032d1307dc4605 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yun Song Yun Song Linxuan Li Zhaoen Yang Zhaoen Yang Ge Zhao Ge Zhao Xueyan Zhang Xueyan Zhang Lingling Wang Lingling Wang Lei Zheng Lei Zheng Fengping Zhuo Huan Yin Xiaoyang Ge Xiaoyang Ge Chaojun Zhang Chaojun Zhang Zuoren Yang Zuoren Yang Maozhi Ren Fuguang Li Fuguang Li |
spellingShingle |
Yun Song Yun Song Linxuan Li Zhaoen Yang Zhaoen Yang Ge Zhao Ge Zhao Xueyan Zhang Xueyan Zhang Lingling Wang Lingling Wang Lei Zheng Lei Zheng Fengping Zhuo Huan Yin Xiaoyang Ge Xiaoyang Ge Chaojun Zhang Chaojun Zhang Zuoren Yang Zuoren Yang Maozhi Ren Fuguang Li Fuguang Li Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton Frontiers in Genetics target of rapamycin expression pattern stress response cotton long non-coding RNA |
author_facet |
Yun Song Yun Song Linxuan Li Zhaoen Yang Zhaoen Yang Ge Zhao Ge Zhao Xueyan Zhang Xueyan Zhang Lingling Wang Lingling Wang Lei Zheng Lei Zheng Fengping Zhuo Huan Yin Xiaoyang Ge Xiaoyang Ge Chaojun Zhang Chaojun Zhang Zuoren Yang Zuoren Yang Maozhi Ren Fuguang Li Fuguang Li |
author_sort |
Yun Song |
title |
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton |
title_short |
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton |
title_full |
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton |
title_fullStr |
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton |
title_full_unstemmed |
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Cotton |
title_sort |
target of rapamycin (tor) regulates the expression of lncrnas in response to abiotic stresses in cotton |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Genetics |
issn |
1664-8021 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
TOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, which integrates stress-related cues with growth and metabolic outputs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the regulation of eukaryotic genes. However, little is known about TOR's function in regulating the expression of lncRNAs in plants. In this study, four putative homologous genes encoding the TOR protein were identified by utilizing the recently completed cotton genome. Pharmacological experiments with TOR inhibitor AZD8055 and on silencing GhTOR genes resulted in obvious cotton growth retardation, indicating the conserved role of TOR in plant growth. The expression pattern analyses in different tissues reveal that TOR may play a role in root development, and the transcript levels of TOR genes were changed under different stress conditions. Importantly, we found TOR may be a key player in regulating the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). A total of 10,315 lncRNAs were discovered in cotton seedlings, 90.7% of which were long intergenic ncRNAs. Moreover, we identified the differentially expressed lncRNAs, of which 296 were significantly upregulated and 105 were downregulated in TOR inactivated plants. GO and KEGG analyses of differentially expressed lncRNA neighboring genes reveal that these differentially expressed lncRNA-targeted genes are involved in many life processes, including stress response, glutathione, and ribosomes in cotton. A series of differentially expressed lncRNAs potentially involved in plant stress response was identified under TOR inhibition. Collectively, these results suggest that cotton TOR proteins may directly modulate the expression of putative stress-related lncRNAs and eventually play a potential role in the cotton stress response. |
topic |
target of rapamycin expression pattern stress response cotton long non-coding RNA |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00690/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-b5cc1a8b0eef43caae032d1307dc46052020-11-24T21:18:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212019-01-01910.3389/fgene.2018.00690418610Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Regulates the Expression of lncRNAs in Response to Abiotic Stresses in CottonYun Song0Yun Song1Linxuan Li2Zhaoen Yang3Zhaoen Yang4Ge Zhao5Ge Zhao6Xueyan Zhang7Xueyan Zhang8Lingling Wang9Lingling Wang10Lei Zheng11Lei Zheng12Fengping Zhuo13Huan Yin14Xiaoyang Ge15Xiaoyang Ge16Chaojun Zhang17Chaojun Zhang18Zuoren Yang19Zuoren Yang20Maozhi Ren21Fuguang Li22Fuguang Li23Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInstitute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaTOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, which integrates stress-related cues with growth and metabolic outputs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the regulation of eukaryotic genes. However, little is known about TOR's function in regulating the expression of lncRNAs in plants. In this study, four putative homologous genes encoding the TOR protein were identified by utilizing the recently completed cotton genome. Pharmacological experiments with TOR inhibitor AZD8055 and on silencing GhTOR genes resulted in obvious cotton growth retardation, indicating the conserved role of TOR in plant growth. The expression pattern analyses in different tissues reveal that TOR may play a role in root development, and the transcript levels of TOR genes were changed under different stress conditions. Importantly, we found TOR may be a key player in regulating the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). A total of 10,315 lncRNAs were discovered in cotton seedlings, 90.7% of which were long intergenic ncRNAs. Moreover, we identified the differentially expressed lncRNAs, of which 296 were significantly upregulated and 105 were downregulated in TOR inactivated plants. GO and KEGG analyses of differentially expressed lncRNA neighboring genes reveal that these differentially expressed lncRNA-targeted genes are involved in many life processes, including stress response, glutathione, and ribosomes in cotton. A series of differentially expressed lncRNAs potentially involved in plant stress response was identified under TOR inhibition. Collectively, these results suggest that cotton TOR proteins may directly modulate the expression of putative stress-related lncRNAs and eventually play a potential role in the cotton stress response.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00690/fulltarget of rapamycinexpression patternstress responsecottonlong non-coding RNA |