Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) subtype H5N1 has caused family case clusters, mostly in Southeast Asia, that could be due to human-to-human transmission. Should this virus, or another zoonotic influenza virus, gain the ability of sustained human-to-human transmission, an influenza pandemi...
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doaj-b60e0a13a36143a293fd21da2ef9ca702020-11-24T21:32:28ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592007-09-011391348134810.3201/eid1309.070111Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1)Yang YangM. Elizabeth HalloranJonathan D. SugimotoIra M. LonginiHighly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) subtype H5N1 has caused family case clusters, mostly in Southeast Asia, that could be due to human-to-human transmission. Should this virus, or another zoonotic influenza virus, gain the ability of sustained human-to-human transmission, an influenza pandemic could result. We used statistical methods to test whether observed clusters of HPAI (H5N1) illnesses in families in northern Sumatra, Indonesia, and eastern Turkey were due to human-to-human transmission. Given that human-to-human transmission occurs, we estimate the infection secondary attack rates (SARs) and the local basic reproductive number, R0. We find statistical evidence of human-to-human transmission (p = 0.009) in Sumatra but not in Turkey (p = 0.114). For Sumatra, the estimated household SAR was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15%–51%). The estimated lower limit on the local R0 was 1.14 (95% CI 0.61–2.14). Effective HPAI (H5N1) surveillance, containment response, and field evaluation are essential to monitor and contain potential pandemic strains.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/13/9/07-0111_articlehuman influenzaoutbreakssurveillancecontroldata analysismathematical model |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yang Yang M. Elizabeth Halloran Jonathan D. Sugimoto Ira M. Longini |
spellingShingle |
Yang Yang M. Elizabeth Halloran Jonathan D. Sugimoto Ira M. Longini Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Emerging Infectious Diseases human influenza outbreaks surveillance control data analysis mathematical model |
author_facet |
Yang Yang M. Elizabeth Halloran Jonathan D. Sugimoto Ira M. Longini |
author_sort |
Yang Yang |
title |
Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) |
title_short |
Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) |
title_full |
Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) |
title_fullStr |
Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Detecting Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) |
title_sort |
detecting human-to-human transmission of avian influenza a (h5n1) |
publisher |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
series |
Emerging Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1080-6040 1080-6059 |
publishDate |
2007-09-01 |
description |
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) subtype H5N1 has caused family case clusters, mostly in Southeast Asia, that could be due to human-to-human transmission. Should this virus, or another zoonotic influenza virus, gain the ability of sustained human-to-human transmission, an influenza pandemic could result. We used statistical methods to test whether observed clusters of HPAI (H5N1) illnesses in families in northern Sumatra, Indonesia, and eastern Turkey were due to human-to-human transmission. Given that human-to-human transmission occurs, we estimate the infection secondary attack rates (SARs) and the local basic reproductive number, R0. We find statistical evidence of human-to-human transmission (p = 0.009) in Sumatra but not in Turkey (p = 0.114). For Sumatra, the estimated household SAR was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15%–51%). The estimated lower limit on the local R0 was 1.14 (95% CI 0.61–2.14). Effective HPAI (H5N1) surveillance, containment response, and field evaluation are essential to monitor and contain potential pandemic strains. |
topic |
human influenza outbreaks surveillance control data analysis mathematical model |
url |
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/13/9/07-0111_article |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT yangyang detectinghumantohumantransmissionofavianinfluenzaah5n1 AT melizabethhalloran detectinghumantohumantransmissionofavianinfluenzaah5n1 AT jonathandsugimoto detectinghumantohumantransmissionofavianinfluenzaah5n1 AT iramlongini detectinghumantohumantransmissionofavianinfluenzaah5n1 |
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1725957449177890816 |