Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine
Abstract In many parts of the African Sahel and sub-Sahel, where malaria remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity, transmission of the infection is highly seasonal. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), which involves administration of a full course of malaria treatment to young children a...
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doaj-b625908b55744d9b9202da0cf15006de2020-11-25T00:31:50ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752017-05-011611510.1186/s12936-017-1841-9Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccineBrian Greenwood0Alassane Dicko1Issaka Sagara2Issaka Zongo3Halidou Tinto4Matthew Cairns5Irene Kuepfer6Paul Milligan7Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo8Ogobara Doumbo9Daniel Chandramohan10Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineMalaria Research and Training Centre, University of Sciences Techniques and TechnologiesMalaria Research and Training Centre, University of Sciences Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéFaculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineFaculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéMalaria Research and Training Centre, University of Sciences Techniques and TechnologiesFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineAbstract In many parts of the African Sahel and sub-Sahel, where malaria remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity, transmission of the infection is highly seasonal. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), which involves administration of a full course of malaria treatment to young children at monthly intervals during the high transmission season, is proving to be an effective malaria control measure in these areas. However, SMC does not provide complete protection and it is demanding to deliver for both families and healthcare givers. Furthermore, there is a risk of the emergence in the future of resistance to the drugs, sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine and amodiaquine, that are currently being used for SMC. Substantial progress has been made in the development of malaria vaccines during the past decade and one malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, has received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Authority and will soon be deployed in large-scale, pilot implementation projects in sub-Saharan Africa. A characteristic feature of this vaccine, and potentially of some of the other malaria vaccines under development, is that they provide a high level of efficacy during the period immediately after vaccination, but that this wanes rapidly, perhaps because it is difficult to develop effective immunological memory to malaria antigens in subjects exposed previously to malaria infection. A potentially effective way of using malaria vaccines with high initial efficacy but which provide only a short period of protection could be annual, mass vaccination campaigns shortly before each malaria transmission season in areas where malaria transmission is confined largely to a few months of the year.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1841-9Seasonal malaria transmissionSeasonal malaria chemopreventionSeasonal malaria vaccination |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Brian Greenwood Alassane Dicko Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Halidou Tinto Matthew Cairns Irene Kuepfer Paul Milligan Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Ogobara Doumbo Daniel Chandramohan |
spellingShingle |
Brian Greenwood Alassane Dicko Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Halidou Tinto Matthew Cairns Irene Kuepfer Paul Milligan Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Ogobara Doumbo Daniel Chandramohan Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine Malaria Journal Seasonal malaria transmission Seasonal malaria chemoprevention Seasonal malaria vaccination |
author_facet |
Brian Greenwood Alassane Dicko Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Halidou Tinto Matthew Cairns Irene Kuepfer Paul Milligan Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Ogobara Doumbo Daniel Chandramohan |
author_sort |
Brian Greenwood |
title |
Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
title_short |
Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
title_full |
Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
title_sort |
seasonal vaccination against malaria: a potential use for an imperfect malaria vaccine |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Malaria Journal |
issn |
1475-2875 |
publishDate |
2017-05-01 |
description |
Abstract In many parts of the African Sahel and sub-Sahel, where malaria remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity, transmission of the infection is highly seasonal. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), which involves administration of a full course of malaria treatment to young children at monthly intervals during the high transmission season, is proving to be an effective malaria control measure in these areas. However, SMC does not provide complete protection and it is demanding to deliver for both families and healthcare givers. Furthermore, there is a risk of the emergence in the future of resistance to the drugs, sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine and amodiaquine, that are currently being used for SMC. Substantial progress has been made in the development of malaria vaccines during the past decade and one malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, has received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Authority and will soon be deployed in large-scale, pilot implementation projects in sub-Saharan Africa. A characteristic feature of this vaccine, and potentially of some of the other malaria vaccines under development, is that they provide a high level of efficacy during the period immediately after vaccination, but that this wanes rapidly, perhaps because it is difficult to develop effective immunological memory to malaria antigens in subjects exposed previously to malaria infection. A potentially effective way of using malaria vaccines with high initial efficacy but which provide only a short period of protection could be annual, mass vaccination campaigns shortly before each malaria transmission season in areas where malaria transmission is confined largely to a few months of the year. |
topic |
Seasonal malaria transmission Seasonal malaria chemoprevention Seasonal malaria vaccination |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1841-9 |
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