The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal?
It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to th...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
Series: | Children |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/1/9 |
id |
doaj-b71a6bdf1d7943c39b7043c171248041 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-b71a6bdf1d7943c39b7043c1712480412021-04-02T20:16:53ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672021-12-0189910.3390/children8010009The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal?Hayao Ozaki0Takashi Abe1Scott J. Dankel2Jeremy P. Loenneke3Toshiharu Natsume4Pengyu Deng5Hisashi Naito6Department of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi, Aichi 470-0207, JapanKevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science & Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USADepartment of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USAKevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science & Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USAGraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, JapanGraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, JapanGraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, JapanIt is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned previously. The purpose of this study was to observe the ratio between handgrip strength (HGS) and forearm muscle thickness (MT) across differing ages in younger children. A total of 1133 preschool children (559 boys and 574 girls) between the ages of 4.5 and 6.5 years had MT and HGS measurements and calculated the ratio of HGS/MT (kg/cm). Linear regression was used to assess the impact of age and sex on the dependent variables of MT, HGS, and the HGS/MT ratio. The HGS/MT ratio increases moderately from age 4.5 to 6.5 in both boys and girls. However, the difference in this ratio was small between the age ranges in this sample. Our results indicate children as young as 4.5 may be accurately measured with the handgrip strength test.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/1/9strength developmentforearm muscle thicknessgrip strengthultrasonography |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hayao Ozaki Takashi Abe Scott J. Dankel Jeremy P. Loenneke Toshiharu Natsume Pengyu Deng Hisashi Naito |
spellingShingle |
Hayao Ozaki Takashi Abe Scott J. Dankel Jeremy P. Loenneke Toshiharu Natsume Pengyu Deng Hisashi Naito The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? Children strength development forearm muscle thickness grip strength ultrasonography |
author_facet |
Hayao Ozaki Takashi Abe Scott J. Dankel Jeremy P. Loenneke Toshiharu Natsume Pengyu Deng Hisashi Naito |
author_sort |
Hayao Ozaki |
title |
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? |
title_short |
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? |
title_full |
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? |
title_fullStr |
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal? |
title_sort |
measurement of strength in children: is the peak value truly maximal? |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Children |
issn |
2227-9067 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned previously. The purpose of this study was to observe the ratio between handgrip strength (HGS) and forearm muscle thickness (MT) across differing ages in younger children. A total of 1133 preschool children (559 boys and 574 girls) between the ages of 4.5 and 6.5 years had MT and HGS measurements and calculated the ratio of HGS/MT (kg/cm). Linear regression was used to assess the impact of age and sex on the dependent variables of MT, HGS, and the HGS/MT ratio. The HGS/MT ratio increases moderately from age 4.5 to 6.5 in both boys and girls. However, the difference in this ratio was small between the age ranges in this sample. Our results indicate children as young as 4.5 may be accurately measured with the handgrip strength test. |
topic |
strength development forearm muscle thickness grip strength ultrasonography |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/1/9 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT hayaoozaki themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT takashiabe themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT scottjdankel themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT jeremyploenneke themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT toshiharunatsume themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT pengyudeng themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT hisashinaito themeasurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT hayaoozaki measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT takashiabe measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT scottjdankel measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT jeremyploenneke measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT toshiharunatsume measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT pengyudeng measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal AT hisashinaito measurementofstrengthinchildrenisthepeakvaluetrulymaximal |
_version_ |
1721547612416376832 |