Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber
Long-period optical fiber gratings (LPGs) are one of the widely used concepts for the sensing of refractive index (RI) changes. Negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCHCFs), with their relatively large internal diameters that are easy to fill with liquids, appear as a very interesting medium to co...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1803 |
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doaj-b7d5bdb45cdd4625a5aa7786acf2b4222021-03-06T00:02:59ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-03-01211803180310.3390/s21051803Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core FiberHanna Izabela Stawska0Maciej Andrzej Popenda1Department of Telecommunications and Teleinformatics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Telecommunications and Teleinformatics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandLong-period optical fiber gratings (LPGs) are one of the widely used concepts for the sensing of refractive index (RI) changes. Negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCHCFs), with their relatively large internal diameters that are easy to fill with liquids, appear as a very interesting medium to combine with the idea of LPGs and use for RI sensing. However, to date, there has been no investigation of the RI sensing capabilities of the NCHCF-based LPGs. The results presented in the paper do not only address this matter, but also compare the RI sensitivities of the NCHCFs alone and the gratings. By modeling two revolver-type fibers, with their internal diameters reflecting the results of the possible LPG-inscription process, the authors show that the fibers’ transmission windows shift in response to the RI change, resulting in changes in RI sensitivities as high as −4411 nm/RIU. On the contrary, the shift in the transmission dip of the NCHCF-based LPGs corresponds to a sensitivity of −658 nm/RIU. A general confirmation of these results was ensured by comparing the analytical formulas describing the sensitivities of the NCHCFs and the NCHCF-based LPGs.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1803microstructured fibershollow-core fibersantiresonant fibersoptical fiber designoptical fiber sensorslong-period fiber gratings |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hanna Izabela Stawska Maciej Andrzej Popenda |
spellingShingle |
Hanna Izabela Stawska Maciej Andrzej Popenda Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber Sensors microstructured fibers hollow-core fibers antiresonant fibers optical fiber design optical fiber sensors long-period fiber gratings |
author_facet |
Hanna Izabela Stawska Maciej Andrzej Popenda |
author_sort |
Hanna Izabela Stawska |
title |
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber |
title_short |
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber |
title_full |
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber |
title_fullStr |
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber |
title_full_unstemmed |
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber |
title_sort |
refractive index sensors based on long-period grating in a negative curvature hollow-core fiber |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Long-period optical fiber gratings (LPGs) are one of the widely used concepts for the sensing of refractive index (RI) changes. Negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCHCFs), with their relatively large internal diameters that are easy to fill with liquids, appear as a very interesting medium to combine with the idea of LPGs and use for RI sensing. However, to date, there has been no investigation of the RI sensing capabilities of the NCHCF-based LPGs. The results presented in the paper do not only address this matter, but also compare the RI sensitivities of the NCHCFs alone and the gratings. By modeling two revolver-type fibers, with their internal diameters reflecting the results of the possible LPG-inscription process, the authors show that the fibers’ transmission windows shift in response to the RI change, resulting in changes in RI sensitivities as high as −4411 nm/RIU. On the contrary, the shift in the transmission dip of the NCHCF-based LPGs corresponds to a sensitivity of −658 nm/RIU. A general confirmation of these results was ensured by comparing the analytical formulas describing the sensitivities of the NCHCFs and the NCHCF-based LPGs. |
topic |
microstructured fibers hollow-core fibers antiresonant fibers optical fiber design optical fiber sensors long-period fiber gratings |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1803 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT hannaizabelastawska refractiveindexsensorsbasedonlongperiodgratinginanegativecurvaturehollowcorefiber AT maciejandrzejpopenda refractiveindexsensorsbasedonlongperiodgratinginanegativecurvaturehollowcorefiber |
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1724230115470082048 |