Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012
Global simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) using artificial tracers of air mass origin are used to analyze transport mechanisms from the Asian monsoon region into the lower stratosphere. In a case study, the transport of air masses from the Asian monsoon an...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2016-12-01
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Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/15301/2016/acp-16-15301-2016.pdf |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
B. Vogel G. Günther R. Müller J.-U. Grooß A. Afchine H. Bozem P. Hoor M. Krämer S. Müller M. Riese C. Rolf N. Spelten G. P. Stiller J. Ungermann A. Zahn |
spellingShingle |
B. Vogel G. Günther R. Müller J.-U. Grooß A. Afchine H. Bozem P. Hoor M. Krämer S. Müller M. Riese C. Rolf N. Spelten G. P. Stiller J. Ungermann A. Zahn Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
author_facet |
B. Vogel G. Günther R. Müller J.-U. Grooß A. Afchine H. Bozem P. Hoor M. Krämer S. Müller M. Riese C. Rolf N. Spelten G. P. Stiller J. Ungermann A. Zahn |
author_sort |
B. Vogel |
title |
Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 |
title_short |
Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 |
title_full |
Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 |
title_fullStr |
Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 |
title_sort |
long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the asian monsoon season 2012 |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
publishDate |
2016-12-01 |
description |
Global simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere
(CLaMS) using artificial tracers of air mass origin are used to analyze
transport mechanisms from the Asian monsoon region into the lower
stratosphere. In a case study, the transport of air masses from the Asian
monsoon anticyclone originating in India/China by an eastward-migrating
anticyclone which broke off from the main anticyclone on 20 September 2012
and filaments separated at the northeastern flank of the anticyclone are
analyzed. Enhanced contributions of young air masses (younger than 5 months)
are found within the separated anticyclone confined at the top by the thermal
tropopause. Further, these air masses are confined by the anticyclonic
circulation and, on the polar side, by the subtropical jet such that the
vertical structure resembles a bubble within the upper troposphere.
Subsequently, these air masses are transported eastwards along the
subtropical jet and enter the lower stratosphere by quasi-horizontal
transport in a region of double tropopauses most likely associated with
Rossby wave breaking events. As a result, thin filaments with enhanced
signatures of tropospheric trace gases were measured in the lower
stratosphere over Europe during the TACTS/ESMVal campaign in September 2012
in very good agreement with CLaMS simulations. Our simulations demonstrate
that source regions in Asia and in the Pacific Ocean have a significant
impact on the chemical composition of the lower stratosphere of the Northern
Hemisphere. Young, moist air masses, in particular at the end of the monsoon
season in September/October 2012, flooded the extratropical lower
stratosphere in the Northern Hemisphere with contributions of up to
≈ 30 % at 380 K (with the remaining fraction being aged air).
In contrast, the contribution of young air masses to the Southern Hemisphere
is much lower. At the end of October 2012, approximately 1.5 ppmv
H<sub>2</sub>O is found in the lower Northern Hemisphere stratosphere (at
380 K) from source regions both in Asia and in the tropical Pacific compared
to a mean water vapor content of ≈ 5 ppmv. In addition to this main
transport pathway from the Asian monsoon anticyclone to the east along the
subtropical jet and subsequent transport into the northern lower
stratosphere, a second horizontal transport pathway out of the anticyclone to
the west into the tropics (TTL) is found in agreement with MIPAS HCFC-22
measurements. |
url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/15301/2016/acp-16-15301-2016.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-b7d9785227a648aa8cc387e85c0d65c02020-11-24T23:30:14ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-12-0116153011532510.5194/acp-16-15301-2016Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012B. Vogel0G. Günther1R. Müller2J.-U. Grooß3A. Afchine4H. Bozem5P. Hoor6M. Krämer7S. Müller8M. Riese9C. Rolf10N. Spelten11G. P. Stiller12J. Ungermann13A. Zahn14Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyInstitute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Mainz, Mainz, GermanyInstitute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Mainz, Mainz, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyInstitute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Mainz, Mainz, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyForschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyGlobal simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) using artificial tracers of air mass origin are used to analyze transport mechanisms from the Asian monsoon region into the lower stratosphere. In a case study, the transport of air masses from the Asian monsoon anticyclone originating in India/China by an eastward-migrating anticyclone which broke off from the main anticyclone on 20 September 2012 and filaments separated at the northeastern flank of the anticyclone are analyzed. Enhanced contributions of young air masses (younger than 5 months) are found within the separated anticyclone confined at the top by the thermal tropopause. Further, these air masses are confined by the anticyclonic circulation and, on the polar side, by the subtropical jet such that the vertical structure resembles a bubble within the upper troposphere. Subsequently, these air masses are transported eastwards along the subtropical jet and enter the lower stratosphere by quasi-horizontal transport in a region of double tropopauses most likely associated with Rossby wave breaking events. As a result, thin filaments with enhanced signatures of tropospheric trace gases were measured in the lower stratosphere over Europe during the TACTS/ESMVal campaign in September 2012 in very good agreement with CLaMS simulations. Our simulations demonstrate that source regions in Asia and in the Pacific Ocean have a significant impact on the chemical composition of the lower stratosphere of the Northern Hemisphere. Young, moist air masses, in particular at the end of the monsoon season in September/October 2012, flooded the extratropical lower stratosphere in the Northern Hemisphere with contributions of up to ≈ 30 % at 380 K (with the remaining fraction being aged air). In contrast, the contribution of young air masses to the Southern Hemisphere is much lower. At the end of October 2012, approximately 1.5 ppmv H<sub>2</sub>O is found in the lower Northern Hemisphere stratosphere (at 380 K) from source regions both in Asia and in the tropical Pacific compared to a mean water vapor content of ≈ 5 ppmv. In addition to this main transport pathway from the Asian monsoon anticyclone to the east along the subtropical jet and subsequent transport into the northern lower stratosphere, a second horizontal transport pathway out of the anticyclone to the west into the tropics (TTL) is found in agreement with MIPAS HCFC-22 measurements.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/15301/2016/acp-16-15301-2016.pdf |