Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input
Optimized nitrogen (N) management can increase N-use efficiency in intercropping systems. Legume-nonlegume intercropping systems can reduce N input by exploiting biological N fixation by legumes. Measurement of N utilization can help in dissecting the mechanisms underlying N uptake and utilization i...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2020-02-01
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Series: | Crop Journal |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514119301047 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Qing Du Li Zhou Ping Chen Xiaoming Liu Chun Song Feng Yang Xiaochun Wang Weiguo Liu Xin Sun Junbo Du Jiang Liu Kai Shu Wenyu Yang Taiwen Yong |
spellingShingle |
Qing Du Li Zhou Ping Chen Xiaoming Liu Chun Song Feng Yang Xiaochun Wang Weiguo Liu Xin Sun Junbo Du Jiang Liu Kai Shu Wenyu Yang Taiwen Yong Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input Crop Journal |
author_facet |
Qing Du Li Zhou Ping Chen Xiaoming Liu Chun Song Feng Yang Xiaochun Wang Weiguo Liu Xin Sun Junbo Du Jiang Liu Kai Shu Wenyu Yang Taiwen Yong |
author_sort |
Qing Du |
title |
Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
title_short |
Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
title_full |
Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
title_fullStr |
Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
title_sort |
relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input |
publisher |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
series |
Crop Journal |
issn |
2214-5141 |
publishDate |
2020-02-01 |
description |
Optimized nitrogen (N) management can increase N-use efficiency in intercropping systems. Legume-nonlegume intercropping systems can reduce N input by exploiting biological N fixation by legumes. Measurement of N utilization can help in dissecting the mechanisms underlying N uptake and utilization in legume-nonlegume intercropping systems. An experiment was performed with three planting patterns: monoculture maize (MM), monoculture soybean (SS), and maize-soybean relay intercropping (IMS), and three N application levels: zero N (NN), reduced N (RN), and conventional N (CN) to investigate crop N uptake and utilization characteristics. N recovery efficiency and 15N recovery rate of crops were higher under RN than under CN, and those under RN were higher under intercropping than under the corresponding monocultures. Compared with MM, IMS showed a lower soil N-dependent rate (SNDR) in 2012. However, the SNDR of MM rapidly declined from 86.8% in 2012 to 49.4% in 2014, whereas that of IMS declined slowly from 75.4% in 2012 to 69.4% in 2014. The interspecific N competition rate (NCRms) was higher under RN than under CN, and increased yearly. Soybean nodule dry weight and nitrogenase activities were respectively 34.2% and 12.5% higher under intercropping than in monoculture at the beginning seed stage. The amount (Ndfa) and ratio (%Ndfa) of soybean N2 fixation were significantly greater under IS than under SS. In conclusion, N fertilizer was more efficiently used under RN than under CN; in particular, the relay intercropping system promoted N fertilizer utilization in comparison with the corresponding monocultures. An intercropping system helps to maintain soil fertility because interspecific N competition promotes biological N fixation by soybean by reducing N input. Thus, a maize-soybean relay intercropping system with reduced N application is sustainable and environmentally friendly. Keywords: Maize-soybean relay intercropping, Reduced nitrogen, Biological nitrogen fixation, Nitrogen recovery efficiency, Soil nitrogen dependent rate |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514119301047 |
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doaj-b8d62421f21b49e3893253f2b43c99442021-02-02T08:51:18ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Crop Journal2214-51412020-02-0181140152Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen inputQing Du0Li Zhou1Ping Chen2Xiaoming Liu3Chun Song4Feng Yang5Xiaochun Wang6Weiguo Liu7Xin Sun8Junbo Du9Jiang Liu10Kai Shu11Wenyu Yang12Taiwen Yong13College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaYibing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibing 644000, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaShehong Farm Bureau, Suining 629200, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Corresponding author at: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.Optimized nitrogen (N) management can increase N-use efficiency in intercropping systems. Legume-nonlegume intercropping systems can reduce N input by exploiting biological N fixation by legumes. Measurement of N utilization can help in dissecting the mechanisms underlying N uptake and utilization in legume-nonlegume intercropping systems. An experiment was performed with three planting patterns: monoculture maize (MM), monoculture soybean (SS), and maize-soybean relay intercropping (IMS), and three N application levels: zero N (NN), reduced N (RN), and conventional N (CN) to investigate crop N uptake and utilization characteristics. N recovery efficiency and 15N recovery rate of crops were higher under RN than under CN, and those under RN were higher under intercropping than under the corresponding monocultures. Compared with MM, IMS showed a lower soil N-dependent rate (SNDR) in 2012. However, the SNDR of MM rapidly declined from 86.8% in 2012 to 49.4% in 2014, whereas that of IMS declined slowly from 75.4% in 2012 to 69.4% in 2014. The interspecific N competition rate (NCRms) was higher under RN than under CN, and increased yearly. Soybean nodule dry weight and nitrogenase activities were respectively 34.2% and 12.5% higher under intercropping than in monoculture at the beginning seed stage. The amount (Ndfa) and ratio (%Ndfa) of soybean N2 fixation were significantly greater under IS than under SS. In conclusion, N fertilizer was more efficiently used under RN than under CN; in particular, the relay intercropping system promoted N fertilizer utilization in comparison with the corresponding monocultures. An intercropping system helps to maintain soil fertility because interspecific N competition promotes biological N fixation by soybean by reducing N input. Thus, a maize-soybean relay intercropping system with reduced N application is sustainable and environmentally friendly. Keywords: Maize-soybean relay intercropping, Reduced nitrogen, Biological nitrogen fixation, Nitrogen recovery efficiency, Soil nitrogen dependent ratehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514119301047 |