Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor
Pyrolysis is a feasible solution for environmental problems related to the inadequate disposal of waste tires, as it leads to the recovery of pyrolytic products such as carbon black, liquid fuels and gases. The characteristics of pyrolytic carbon black can be enhanced through chemical activation in...
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doaj-b8eed7e48dc64f3e865ea36b6a28c0792020-11-25T04:02:15ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-11-01102213221310.3390/nano10112213Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial PrecursorReyna Berenice González-González0Lucy T. González1Sigfrido Iglesias-González2Everardo González-González3Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa4Marc Madou5Mario Moisés Alvarez6Alberto Mendoza7Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USATecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., MexicoPyrolysis is a feasible solution for environmental problems related to the inadequate disposal of waste tires, as it leads to the recovery of pyrolytic products such as carbon black, liquid fuels and gases. The characteristics of pyrolytic carbon black can be enhanced through chemical activation in order to produce the required properties for its application. In the search to make the waste tire pyrolysis process profitable, new applications of the pyrolytic solid products have been explored, such as for the fabrication of energy-storage devices and precursor in the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, waste tires powder was chemically activated using acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) and/or alkali (KOH) to recover pyrolytic carbon black with different characteristics. H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> removed surface impurities more thoroughly, improving the carbon black’s surface area, while KOH increased its oxygen content, which improved the carbon black’s stability in water suspension. Pyrolytic carbon black was fully characterized by elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ? potential measurement. In addition, the pyrolytic carbon black was used to explore its feasibility as a precursor for the synthesis of carbon dots; synthesized carbon dots were analyzed preliminarily by SEM and with a fluorescence microplate reader, revealing differences in their morphology and fluorescence intensity. The results presented in this study demonstrate the effect of the activating agent on pyrolytic carbon black from waste tires and provide evidence of the feasibility of using waste tires for the synthesis of nanomaterials such as carbon dots.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2213particle characterizationpyrolysiscarbon dotsvalorizationchemical activation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Reyna Berenice González-González Lucy T. González Sigfrido Iglesias-González Everardo González-González Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Marc Madou Mario Moisés Alvarez Alberto Mendoza |
spellingShingle |
Reyna Berenice González-González Lucy T. González Sigfrido Iglesias-González Everardo González-González Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Marc Madou Mario Moisés Alvarez Alberto Mendoza Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor Nanomaterials particle characterization pyrolysis carbon dots valorization chemical activation |
author_facet |
Reyna Berenice González-González Lucy T. González Sigfrido Iglesias-González Everardo González-González Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Marc Madou Mario Moisés Alvarez Alberto Mendoza |
author_sort |
Reyna Berenice González-González |
title |
Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor |
title_short |
Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor |
title_full |
Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor |
title_sort |
characterization of chemically activated pyrolytic carbon black derived from waste tires as a candidate for nanomaterial precursor |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nanomaterials |
issn |
2079-4991 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Pyrolysis is a feasible solution for environmental problems related to the inadequate disposal of waste tires, as it leads to the recovery of pyrolytic products such as carbon black, liquid fuels and gases. The characteristics of pyrolytic carbon black can be enhanced through chemical activation in order to produce the required properties for its application. In the search to make the waste tire pyrolysis process profitable, new applications of the pyrolytic solid products have been explored, such as for the fabrication of energy-storage devices and precursor in the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, waste tires powder was chemically activated using acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) and/or alkali (KOH) to recover pyrolytic carbon black with different characteristics. H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> removed surface impurities more thoroughly, improving the carbon black’s surface area, while KOH increased its oxygen content, which improved the carbon black’s stability in water suspension. Pyrolytic carbon black was fully characterized by elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ? potential measurement. In addition, the pyrolytic carbon black was used to explore its feasibility as a precursor for the synthesis of carbon dots; synthesized carbon dots were analyzed preliminarily by SEM and with a fluorescence microplate reader, revealing differences in their morphology and fluorescence intensity. The results presented in this study demonstrate the effect of the activating agent on pyrolytic carbon black from waste tires and provide evidence of the feasibility of using waste tires for the synthesis of nanomaterials such as carbon dots. |
topic |
particle characterization pyrolysis carbon dots valorization chemical activation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2213 |
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