Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique
In Martinique, Bothrops lanceolatus snakebite, although relatively uncommon (~30 cases/year), may result in serious complications such as systemic thrombosis and local infections. Infections have been hypothesized to be related to bacteria present in the snake’s oral cavity. In this invest...
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doaj-b98b65249c9f48709ffbd6d4f64de2f62020-11-25T00:04:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1660-46012018-09-011510212210.3390/ijerph15102122ijerph15102122Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in MartiniqueDabor Résière0Claude Olive1Hatem Kallel2André Cabié3Rémi Névière4Bruno Mégarbane5José María Gutiérrez6Hossein Mehdaoui7Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, 97200 Martinique, FranceDepartment of Microbiology, University Hospital of Martinique, 97200 Martinique, FranceIntensive Care Unit, Rosemond André General Hospital, Cayenne, 97300 French Guiana, FranceDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Martinique, 97200 Martinique, FranceIntensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, 97200 Martinique, FranceDepartment of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, INSERM UMRS-1144, 75010 Paris, FranceInstituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501 San José, Costa RicaIntensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, 97200 Martinique, FranceIn Martinique, Bothrops lanceolatus snakebite, although relatively uncommon (~30 cases/year), may result in serious complications such as systemic thrombosis and local infections. Infections have been hypothesized to be related to bacteria present in the snake’s oral cavity. In this investigation, we isolated, identified, and studied the susceptibility to beta-lactams of bacteria sampled from the oral cavity of twenty-six B. lanceolatus specimens collected from various areas in Martinique. Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity was polymicrobial. Isolated bacteria belonged to fifteen different taxa; the most frequent being Aeromonas hydrophyla (present in 50% of the samples), Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus spp., and Enterococcus spp. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility revealed that 66.7% of the isolated bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In contrast, the majority of isolated bacteria were susceptible to the third-generation cephalosporins (i.e., 73.3% with cefotaxime and 80.0% with ceftazidime). Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity is polymicrobial with bacteria mostly susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins but rarely to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In conclusion, our findings clearly support that first-line antibiotic therapy in the B. lanceolatus-bitten patients, when there is evidence of infection, should include a third-generation cephalosporin rather than amoxicillin/clavulanate.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2122Bothrops lanceolatusenvenomationsnakebitebacteriainfectionantibiotic susceptibility |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dabor Résière Claude Olive Hatem Kallel André Cabié Rémi Névière Bruno Mégarbane José María Gutiérrez Hossein Mehdaoui |
spellingShingle |
Dabor Résière Claude Olive Hatem Kallel André Cabié Rémi Névière Bruno Mégarbane José María Gutiérrez Hossein Mehdaoui Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Bothrops lanceolatus envenomation snakebite bacteria infection antibiotic susceptibility |
author_facet |
Dabor Résière Claude Olive Hatem Kallel André Cabié Rémi Névière Bruno Mégarbane José María Gutiérrez Hossein Mehdaoui |
author_sort |
Dabor Résière |
title |
Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique |
title_short |
Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique |
title_full |
Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique |
title_fullStr |
Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique |
title_full_unstemmed |
Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique |
title_sort |
oral microbiota of the snake bothrops lanceolatus in martinique |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
In Martinique, Bothrops lanceolatus snakebite, although relatively uncommon (~30 cases/year), may result in serious complications such as systemic thrombosis and local infections. Infections have been hypothesized to be related to bacteria present in the snake’s oral cavity. In this investigation, we isolated, identified, and studied the susceptibility to beta-lactams of bacteria sampled from the oral cavity of twenty-six B. lanceolatus specimens collected from various areas in Martinique. Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity was polymicrobial. Isolated bacteria belonged to fifteen different taxa; the most frequent being Aeromonas hydrophyla (present in 50% of the samples), Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus spp., and Enterococcus spp. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility revealed that 66.7% of the isolated bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In contrast, the majority of isolated bacteria were susceptible to the third-generation cephalosporins (i.e., 73.3% with cefotaxime and 80.0% with ceftazidime). Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity is polymicrobial with bacteria mostly susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins but rarely to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In conclusion, our findings clearly support that first-line antibiotic therapy in the B. lanceolatus-bitten patients, when there is evidence of infection, should include a third-generation cephalosporin rather than amoxicillin/clavulanate. |
topic |
Bothrops lanceolatus envenomation snakebite bacteria infection antibiotic susceptibility |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2122 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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