Enzymatically Functionalized Composite Materials Based on Nanocellulose and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Cryogel and Possessing Antimicrobial Activity

• Main Authors: Aysel Aslanli, Nikolay Stepanov, Tatyana Razheva, Elena A. Podorozhko, Ilya Lyagin, Vladimir I. Lozinsky, Elena Efremenko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-11-01
• Series: Materials
• Subjects: immobilized hexahistidine-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase; poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel; bacterial cellulose; β-lactam antibiotic; antimicrobial peptides; bactericidal activity
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/21/3619

In the present work, innovative composite biomaterials possessing bactericidal properties and based on the hexahistidine-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase (His₆-OPH) entrapped in the poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel (PVA-CG)/bacterial cellulose (BC) were developed. His₆-OPH possesses lactonase activity, with a number of N-acyl homoserine lactones being the inducers of Gram-negative bacterial resistance. The enzyme can also be combined with various antimicrobial agents (antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides) to improve the efficiency of their action. In this study, such an effect was shown for composite biomaterials when His₆-OPH was entrapped in PVA-CG/BC together with β-lactam antibiotic meropenem or antimicrobial peptides temporin A and indolicidin. The residual catalytic activity of immobilized His₆-OPH was 60% or more in all the composite samples. In addition, the presence of BC filler in the PVA-CG composite resulted in a considerable increase in the mechanical strength and heat endurance of the polymeric carrier compared to the BC-free cryogel matrix. Such enzyme-containing composites could be interesting in the biomedical field to help overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms.