Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics
Argentina was the first country that enacted regulatory criteria to assess if organisms resulting from new breeding techniques (NBTs) are to be regarded as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or not. The country has now accumulated 4 year of experience applying such criteria, reaching a considerab...
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doaj-bb2a7805d574426e86e9e3b9ce092c552020-11-25T02:29:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852020-04-01810.3389/fbioe.2020.00303525237Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation EconomicsAgustina I. Whelan0Agustina I. Whelan1Patricia Gutti2Patricia Gutti3Martin A. Lema4Martin A. Lema5Maestría en Política y Gestión de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDirección de Biotecnología, Secretaría de Alimentos y Bioeconomía, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaMaestría en Política y Gestión de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDepartamento de Ciencia y Tecnología & Maestría en Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, ArgentinaDirección de Biotecnología, Secretaría de Alimentos y Bioeconomía, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDepartamento de Ciencia y Tecnología & Maestría en Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, ArgentinaArgentina was the first country that enacted regulatory criteria to assess if organisms resulting from new breeding techniques (NBTs) are to be regarded as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or not. The country has now accumulated 4 year of experience applying such criteria, reaching a considerable number of cases, composed mostly of gene-edited plants, animals, and microorganisms of agricultural use. This article explores the effects on economic innovation of such regulatory experience. This is done by comparing the cases of products derived from gene editing and other NBTs that have been presented to the regulatory system, against the cases of GMOs that have been deregulated in the country. Albeit preliminary, this analysis suggests that products from gene editing will have different profiles and market release rates compared with the first wave of products from the so called “modern biotechnology.” Gene editing products seems to follow a much faster development rate from bench to market. Such development is driven by a more diverse group of developers, and led mostly by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and public research institutions. In addition, product profiles are also more diversified in terms of traits and organisms. The inferences of these findings for the agricultural and biotechnology sectors, particularly in developing countries, are discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00303/fullgene editinginnovation economybiotechnology regulationbioeconomygenome editingCRISPR-CAS |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Agustina I. Whelan Agustina I. Whelan Patricia Gutti Patricia Gutti Martin A. Lema Martin A. Lema |
spellingShingle |
Agustina I. Whelan Agustina I. Whelan Patricia Gutti Patricia Gutti Martin A. Lema Martin A. Lema Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology gene editing innovation economy biotechnology regulation bioeconomy genome editing CRISPR-CAS |
author_facet |
Agustina I. Whelan Agustina I. Whelan Patricia Gutti Patricia Gutti Martin A. Lema Martin A. Lema |
author_sort |
Agustina I. Whelan |
title |
Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics |
title_short |
Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics |
title_full |
Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics |
title_fullStr |
Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gene Editing Regulation and Innovation Economics |
title_sort |
gene editing regulation and innovation economics |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
issn |
2296-4185 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Argentina was the first country that enacted regulatory criteria to assess if organisms resulting from new breeding techniques (NBTs) are to be regarded as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or not. The country has now accumulated 4 year of experience applying such criteria, reaching a considerable number of cases, composed mostly of gene-edited plants, animals, and microorganisms of agricultural use. This article explores the effects on economic innovation of such regulatory experience. This is done by comparing the cases of products derived from gene editing and other NBTs that have been presented to the regulatory system, against the cases of GMOs that have been deregulated in the country. Albeit preliminary, this analysis suggests that products from gene editing will have different profiles and market release rates compared with the first wave of products from the so called “modern biotechnology.” Gene editing products seems to follow a much faster development rate from bench to market. Such development is driven by a more diverse group of developers, and led mostly by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and public research institutions. In addition, product profiles are also more diversified in terms of traits and organisms. The inferences of these findings for the agricultural and biotechnology sectors, particularly in developing countries, are discussed. |
topic |
gene editing innovation economy biotechnology regulation bioeconomy genome editing CRISPR-CAS |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00303/full |
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