Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches
Abstract Background Screw breakage and loosening are the most common mechanical complications associated with implant treatment, and they may occur due to excess or inadequate screw tightening torque. When fastening and fixing the implant superstructure, screws are tightened using a torque wrench, w...
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doaj-bbb0ec6ea5454f6892c02d1974c25e542021-07-18T11:39:27ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312021-07-0121111010.1186/s12903-021-01703-zExperimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenchesHiroki Shiba0Yuji Sato1Junichi Furuya2Tokiko Osawa3Akio Isobe4Myu Hayashi5Noboru Kitagawa6Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryDepartment of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of DentistryAbstract Background Screw breakage and loosening are the most common mechanical complications associated with implant treatment, and they may occur due to excess or inadequate screw tightening torque. When fastening and fixing the implant superstructure, screws are tightened using a torque wrench, which is essential for an accurate tightening force. However, the characteristics of the torque wrench have not been fully verified. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the factors affecting the torque with a focus on beam-type torque wrenches, which are the main types of wrenches. Methods The torque values generated by beam-type torque wrenches from eight manufacturers were measured using a torque gauge. To investigate the influence of the location of the beam relative to the scale, measurements were performed with a scale aligned with the trailing edge, center, and leading edge of the beam respectively. Additionally, measurements were taken at 90°, 60°, and 30° to examine the effect of the angle at which the examiner read the torque value. Under each condition, a single examiner applied the recommended torque to each manufacturer's screws five times in a clockwise direction. The average measured torque, standard deviation, bias, and coefficient of variation were calculated and compared accordingly. Results Wrenches from six manufacturers demonstrated excellent accuracy for measurements at the center of the beam (bias within ± 4%). For measurements at 90°, equipments from five manufacturers displayed excellent accuracy (bias within ± 7%), and seven showed excellent repeatability (coefficient of variation ≤ 2%). Conclusion The scale should be aligned with the center of the beam and read from 90° while using a torque wrench. The accuracy and repeatability torques generated by the wrenches differed according to the manufacturer, scale width, scale line width, beam width, and distance between the scale and beam center. Based on these results, we suggest that a torque wrench must be selected after determining the difference in the structure of the torque wrench.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01703-zImplantMechanical complicationTorque wrenchProsthetic screw |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hiroki Shiba Yuji Sato Junichi Furuya Tokiko Osawa Akio Isobe Myu Hayashi Noboru Kitagawa |
spellingShingle |
Hiroki Shiba Yuji Sato Junichi Furuya Tokiko Osawa Akio Isobe Myu Hayashi Noboru Kitagawa Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches BMC Oral Health Implant Mechanical complication Torque wrench Prosthetic screw |
author_facet |
Hiroki Shiba Yuji Sato Junichi Furuya Tokiko Osawa Akio Isobe Myu Hayashi Noboru Kitagawa |
author_sort |
Hiroki Shiba |
title |
Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
title_short |
Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
title_full |
Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
title_fullStr |
Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
title_sort |
experimental study on the factors affecting torque of beam-type implant torque wrenches |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Oral Health |
issn |
1472-6831 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Screw breakage and loosening are the most common mechanical complications associated with implant treatment, and they may occur due to excess or inadequate screw tightening torque. When fastening and fixing the implant superstructure, screws are tightened using a torque wrench, which is essential for an accurate tightening force. However, the characteristics of the torque wrench have not been fully verified. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the factors affecting the torque with a focus on beam-type torque wrenches, which are the main types of wrenches. Methods The torque values generated by beam-type torque wrenches from eight manufacturers were measured using a torque gauge. To investigate the influence of the location of the beam relative to the scale, measurements were performed with a scale aligned with the trailing edge, center, and leading edge of the beam respectively. Additionally, measurements were taken at 90°, 60°, and 30° to examine the effect of the angle at which the examiner read the torque value. Under each condition, a single examiner applied the recommended torque to each manufacturer's screws five times in a clockwise direction. The average measured torque, standard deviation, bias, and coefficient of variation were calculated and compared accordingly. Results Wrenches from six manufacturers demonstrated excellent accuracy for measurements at the center of the beam (bias within ± 4%). For measurements at 90°, equipments from five manufacturers displayed excellent accuracy (bias within ± 7%), and seven showed excellent repeatability (coefficient of variation ≤ 2%). Conclusion The scale should be aligned with the center of the beam and read from 90° while using a torque wrench. The accuracy and repeatability torques generated by the wrenches differed according to the manufacturer, scale width, scale line width, beam width, and distance between the scale and beam center. Based on these results, we suggest that a torque wrench must be selected after determining the difference in the structure of the torque wrench. |
topic |
Implant Mechanical complication Torque wrench Prosthetic screw |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01703-z |
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