Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral?
Viruses that infect the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with developmental abnormalities as well as neuropsychiatric and degenerative conditions. Many of these viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) demonstrate tropism for neural stem cel...
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doaj-bbf57d916bf84ef08e34f354e37bc09a2021-08-26T14:26:34ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-07-01131468146810.3390/v13081468Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral?Yashika S. Kamte0Manisha N. Chandwani1Alexa C. Michaels2Lauren A. O’Donnell3Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USAGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USAGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USAGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USAViruses that infect the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with developmental abnormalities as well as neuropsychiatric and degenerative conditions. Many of these viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) demonstrate tropism for neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs are the multipotent progenitor cells of the brain that have the ability to form neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Viral infections often alter the function of NSCs, with profound impacts on the growth and repair of the brain. There are a wide spectrum of effects on NSCs, which differ by the type of virus, the model system, the cell types studied, and the age of the host. Thus, it is a challenge to predict and define the consequences of interactions between viruses and NSCs. The purpose of this review is to dissect the mechanisms by which viruses can affect survival, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs. This review also sheds light on the contribution of key antiviral cytokines in the impairment of NSC activity during a viral infection, revealing a complex interplay between NSCs, viruses, and the immune system.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1468neural stem cellsvirusesproliferationsurvivalneurogenesisdifferentiation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yashika S. Kamte Manisha N. Chandwani Alexa C. Michaels Lauren A. O’Donnell |
spellingShingle |
Yashika S. Kamte Manisha N. Chandwani Alexa C. Michaels Lauren A. O’Donnell Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? Viruses neural stem cells viruses proliferation survival neurogenesis differentiation |
author_facet |
Yashika S. Kamte Manisha N. Chandwani Alexa C. Michaels Lauren A. O’Donnell |
author_sort |
Yashika S. Kamte |
title |
Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? |
title_short |
Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? |
title_full |
Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? |
title_fullStr |
Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neural Stem Cells: What Happens When They Go Viral? |
title_sort |
neural stem cells: what happens when they go viral? |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Viruses that infect the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with developmental abnormalities as well as neuropsychiatric and degenerative conditions. Many of these viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) demonstrate tropism for neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs are the multipotent progenitor cells of the brain that have the ability to form neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Viral infections often alter the function of NSCs, with profound impacts on the growth and repair of the brain. There are a wide spectrum of effects on NSCs, which differ by the type of virus, the model system, the cell types studied, and the age of the host. Thus, it is a challenge to predict and define the consequences of interactions between viruses and NSCs. The purpose of this review is to dissect the mechanisms by which viruses can affect survival, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs. This review also sheds light on the contribution of key antiviral cytokines in the impairment of NSC activity during a viral infection, revealing a complex interplay between NSCs, viruses, and the immune system. |
topic |
neural stem cells viruses proliferation survival neurogenesis differentiation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1468 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT yashikaskamte neuralstemcellswhathappenswhentheygoviral AT manishanchandwani neuralstemcellswhathappenswhentheygoviral AT alexacmichaels neuralstemcellswhathappenswhentheygoviral AT laurenaodonnell neuralstemcellswhathappenswhentheygoviral |
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