Correlation between perioperative surgical factors and complications after hip arthroplasty, as a salvage procedure, following failure of internal fixation of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures

• Main Authors: Kulachote N, Sa-Ngasoongsong P, Wongsak S, Chulsomlee K, Jarungvittayakon C, Fuangfa P, Kawinwonggowit V, Mulpruek P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2019-01-01
• Series: Orthopedic Research and Reviews
• Subjects: salvage hip arthroplasty; failed internal fixation; intertrochanteric fracture; osteoporosis; perioperative complication; Charlson Comorbidity Index
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/correlation-between-perioperative-surgical-factors-and-complications-a-peer-reviewed-article-ORR

Noratep Kulachote,1 Paphon Sa-Ngasoongsong,1 Siwadol Wongsak,1 Kulapat Chulsomlee,2 Chavarat Jarungvittayakon,1 Praman Fuangfa,3 Viroj Kawinwonggowit,1 Pornchai Mulpruek1 1Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Background and purpose: Salvage hip arthroplasty (SHA) in patients presenting with failed internal fixation after intertrochanteric fracture (FIF-ITFx) is a difficult procedure, and the incidence of perioperative mortality and complications following SHA are high. To our knowledge, no information related to the correlation between perioperative surgical factors and post-SHA perioperative complications in these patients has been demonstrated. This study aimed to identify the predictive factors for post-SHA perioperative complications in patients with FIF-ITFx.Materials and methods: A total of 32 patients with FIF-ITFx who underwent SHA between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had been followed for 1 year postoperatively. Perioperative data and complication details related to fracture and treatment were collected. Predictive factors for post-SHA perioperative complications were analyzed via logistic regression analysis.Results: Two (6%) patients died after SHA during the admission period. Perioperative complications were found in 16 (50%) patients, including surgical (n=3, 9%) and medical (n=15, 47%) complications, respectively. By univariate analysis, age (P=0.043), American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) grade 4 (P=0.016), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI; P=0.014), lymphocyte cell count (P=0.064), and serum albumin level (P=0.146) were correlated with the perioperative complications. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that CCI was the only significant independent predictor for post-SHA perioperative complications in these patients (OR=1.87; 95% CI, 1.14–2.07, P=0.014).Conclusion: Our study showed that post-SHA perioperative complications in patients with FIF-ITFx are very common and predictable with a simple preoperative factor CCI. Therefore, special perioperative attention must be paid to patients with FIF-ITFx undergoing SHA and having multiple severe comorbid diseases or high CCI. Keywords: salvage hip arthroplasty, failed internal fixation, intertrochanteric fracture, osteoporosis, perioperative complication, Charlson Comorbidity Index