The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging

Cardiovascular imaging plays an important role in the identification and characterization of the vulnerable plaque. A major goal is the ability to identify individuals at risk of plaque rupture and developing an acute coronary syndrome. Early recognition of rupture‐prone atherosclerotic plaques may...

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Main Authors: João Silva Marques, Fausto J. Pinto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2014-02-01
Series:Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S087025511400002X
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spelling doaj-bd427ca80b194d12b652dced5266ea8f2020-11-24T22:09:55ZengElsevierRevista Portuguesa de Cardiologia0870-25512014-02-01332101110The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imagingJoão Silva Marques0Fausto J. Pinto1Corresponding author.; University Hospital Santa Maria, Department of Cardiology I, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, CCUL, Lisbon, PortugalUniversity Hospital Santa Maria, Department of Cardiology I, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, CCUL, Lisbon, PortugalCardiovascular imaging plays an important role in the identification and characterization of the vulnerable plaque. A major goal is the ability to identify individuals at risk of plaque rupture and developing an acute coronary syndrome. Early recognition of rupture‐prone atherosclerotic plaques may lead to the development of pharmacologic and interventional strategies to reduce acute coronary events.We review state‐of‐the‐art cardiovascular imaging for identification of the vulnerable plaque. There is ample evidence of a close relationship between plaque morphology and patient outcome, but molecular imaging can add significant information on tissue characterization, inflammation and subclinical thrombosis. Additionally, identifying arterial wall exposed to high shear stress may further identify rupture‐prone arterial segments. These new modalities may help reduce the individual, social and economic burden of cardiovascular disease. Resumo: A imagiologia cardiovascular tem desempenhado um papel importante na identificação e caracterização da placa vulnerável. Em particular, a possibilidade de identificar os indivíduos em risco de desenvolverem rutura de placa aterosclerótica e apresentarem síndrome coronária aguda é um objetivo importante. A deteção precoce de placas ateroscleróticas predispostas a sofrer rutura pode conduzir ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção farmacológica para reduzir eventos coronários agudos.Procuramos rever o estado da arte da imagiologia cardiovascular na identificação da placa vulnerável. A evidência apoia a existência de uma forte relação entre a morfologia da placa aterosclerótica e a evolução clínica do doente, mas a imagiologia molecular pode adicionar caracterização tecidular e avaliação da inflamação e trombose. Também a identificação de locais na parede arterial expostos a elevada tensão de cisalhamento pode ajudar a identificar os segmentos arteriais mais predispostos a sofrer rutura. Estas novas modalidades de imagiologia podem contribuir para reduzir a carga individual, social e económica da doença cardiovascular. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Vulnerable plaque, Molecular imaging, Acute coronary syndromes, Palavras‐chave: Aterosclerose, Placa vulnerável, Imagiologia molecular, Síndromes coronárias agudashttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S087025511400002X
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author João Silva Marques
Fausto J. Pinto
spellingShingle João Silva Marques
Fausto J. Pinto
The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
author_facet João Silva Marques
Fausto J. Pinto
author_sort João Silva Marques
title The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
title_short The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
title_full The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
title_fullStr The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
title_full_unstemmed The vulnerable plaque: Current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
title_sort vulnerable plaque: current concepts and future perspectives on coronary morphology, composition and wall stress imaging
publisher Elsevier
series Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
issn 0870-2551
publishDate 2014-02-01
description Cardiovascular imaging plays an important role in the identification and characterization of the vulnerable plaque. A major goal is the ability to identify individuals at risk of plaque rupture and developing an acute coronary syndrome. Early recognition of rupture‐prone atherosclerotic plaques may lead to the development of pharmacologic and interventional strategies to reduce acute coronary events.We review state‐of‐the‐art cardiovascular imaging for identification of the vulnerable plaque. There is ample evidence of a close relationship between plaque morphology and patient outcome, but molecular imaging can add significant information on tissue characterization, inflammation and subclinical thrombosis. Additionally, identifying arterial wall exposed to high shear stress may further identify rupture‐prone arterial segments. These new modalities may help reduce the individual, social and economic burden of cardiovascular disease. Resumo: A imagiologia cardiovascular tem desempenhado um papel importante na identificação e caracterização da placa vulnerável. Em particular, a possibilidade de identificar os indivíduos em risco de desenvolverem rutura de placa aterosclerótica e apresentarem síndrome coronária aguda é um objetivo importante. A deteção precoce de placas ateroscleróticas predispostas a sofrer rutura pode conduzir ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção farmacológica para reduzir eventos coronários agudos.Procuramos rever o estado da arte da imagiologia cardiovascular na identificação da placa vulnerável. A evidência apoia a existência de uma forte relação entre a morfologia da placa aterosclerótica e a evolução clínica do doente, mas a imagiologia molecular pode adicionar caracterização tecidular e avaliação da inflamação e trombose. Também a identificação de locais na parede arterial expostos a elevada tensão de cisalhamento pode ajudar a identificar os segmentos arteriais mais predispostos a sofrer rutura. Estas novas modalidades de imagiologia podem contribuir para reduzir a carga individual, social e económica da doença cardiovascular. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Vulnerable plaque, Molecular imaging, Acute coronary syndromes, Palavras‐chave: Aterosclerose, Placa vulnerável, Imagiologia molecular, Síndromes coronárias agudas
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S087025511400002X
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