Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning
Background: Noninvasive electrical brain stimulation (NEBS) with transcranial direct current (tDCS) or random noise stimulation (tRNS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) can augment motor learning. Objective: We tested whether different types of stimulation alter particular aspects of learning...
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doaj-bd7eb9afaf684ad582bd4e6dde72a7b22021-03-18T04:37:49ZengElsevierBrain Stimulation1935-861X2014-07-0174532540Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill LearningGeorge Prichard0Cornelius Weiller1Brita Fritsch2Janine Reis3Department of Neurology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, United KingdomDepartment of Neurology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Germany; Corresponding author. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. Tel.: +49 (0)761 270 50010; fax: +49 (0)761 270 53900.Background: Noninvasive electrical brain stimulation (NEBS) with transcranial direct current (tDCS) or random noise stimulation (tRNS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) can augment motor learning. Objective: We tested whether different types of stimulation alter particular aspects of learning a tracing task over three consecutive days, namely skill acquisition (online/within session effects) or consolidation (offline/between session effects). Methods: Motor training on a tracing task over three consecutive days was combined with different types and montages of stimulation (tDCS, tRNS). Results: Unilateral M1 stimulation using tRNS as well as unilateral and bilateral M1 tDCS all enhanced motor skill learning compared to sham stimulation. In all groups, this appeared to be driven by online effects without an additional offline effect. Unilateral tDCS resulted in large skill gains immediately following the onset of stimulation, while tRNS exerted more gradual effects. Control stimulation of the right temporal lobe did not enhance skill learning relative to sham. Conclusions: The mechanisms of action of tDCS and tRNS are likely different. Hence, the time course of skill improvement within sessions could point to specific and temporally distinct interactions with the physiological process of motor skill learning. Exploring the parameters of NEBS on different tasks and in patients with brain injury will allow us to maximize the benefits of NEBS for neurorehabilitation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X14001648tDCStRNSBrain stimulation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
George Prichard Cornelius Weiller Brita Fritsch Janine Reis |
spellingShingle |
George Prichard Cornelius Weiller Brita Fritsch Janine Reis Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning Brain Stimulation tDCS tRNS Brain stimulation |
author_facet |
George Prichard Cornelius Weiller Brita Fritsch Janine Reis |
author_sort |
George Prichard |
title |
Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning |
title_short |
Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning |
title_full |
Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Different Electrical Brain Stimulation Protocols on Subcomponents of Motor Skill Learning |
title_sort |
effects of different electrical brain stimulation protocols on subcomponents of motor skill learning |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brain Stimulation |
issn |
1935-861X |
publishDate |
2014-07-01 |
description |
Background: Noninvasive electrical brain stimulation (NEBS) with transcranial direct current (tDCS) or random noise stimulation (tRNS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) can augment motor learning. Objective: We tested whether different types of stimulation alter particular aspects of learning a tracing task over three consecutive days, namely skill acquisition (online/within session effects) or consolidation (offline/between session effects). Methods: Motor training on a tracing task over three consecutive days was combined with different types and montages of stimulation (tDCS, tRNS). Results: Unilateral M1 stimulation using tRNS as well as unilateral and bilateral M1 tDCS all enhanced motor skill learning compared to sham stimulation. In all groups, this appeared to be driven by online effects without an additional offline effect. Unilateral tDCS resulted in large skill gains immediately following the onset of stimulation, while tRNS exerted more gradual effects. Control stimulation of the right temporal lobe did not enhance skill learning relative to sham. Conclusions: The mechanisms of action of tDCS and tRNS are likely different. Hence, the time course of skill improvement within sessions could point to specific and temporally distinct interactions with the physiological process of motor skill learning. Exploring the parameters of NEBS on different tasks and in patients with brain injury will allow us to maximize the benefits of NEBS for neurorehabilitation. |
topic |
tDCS tRNS Brain stimulation |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X14001648 |
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