Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics

The purpose of this review is to compile preclinical and clinical results on phthalocyanines (Pcs) as photosensitizers (PS) for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and contrast agents for fluorescence imaging. Indeed, Pcs are excellent candidates in these fields due to their strong absorbance in the NIR regi...

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Main Authors:	Norbert Lange, Tebello Nyokong, Hubert van den Bergh, Nawal Sekkat
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2011-12-01
Series:	Molecules
Subjects:	biomedical optics fluorescence diagnosis phthalocyanines NIR dyes photodynamic therapy
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/98/

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spelling	doaj-be06f106dcb54929ab63c955b7b752072020-11-24T23:50:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492011-12-011719814410.3390/molecules17010098Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical OpticsNorbert LangeTebello NyokongHubert van den BerghNawal SekkatThe purpose of this review is to compile preclinical and clinical results on phthalocyanines (Pcs) as photosensitizers (PS) for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and contrast agents for fluorescence imaging. Indeed, Pcs are excellent candidates in these fields due to their strong absorbance in the NIR region and high chemical and photo-stability. In particular, this is mostly relevant for their in vivo activation in deeper tissular regions. However, most Pcs present two major limitations, i.e., a strong tendency to aggregate and a low water-solubility. In order to overcome these issues, both chemical tuning and pharmaceutical formulation combined with tumor targeting strategies were applied. These aspects will be developed in this review for the most extensively studied Pcs during the last 25 years, i.e., aluminium-, zinc- and silicon-based Pcs.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/98/biomedical opticsfluorescence diagnosisphthalocyaninesNIR dyesphotodynamic therapy
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Norbert Lange Tebello Nyokong Hubert van den Bergh Nawal Sekkat
spellingShingle	Norbert Lange Tebello Nyokong Hubert van den Bergh Nawal Sekkat Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics Molecules biomedical optics fluorescence diagnosis phthalocyanines NIR dyes photodynamic therapy
author_facet	Norbert Lange Tebello Nyokong Hubert van den Bergh Nawal Sekkat
author_sort	Norbert Lange
title	Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics
title_short	Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics
title_full	Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics
title_fullStr	Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics
title_full_unstemmed	Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics
title_sort	like a bolt from the blue: phthalocyanines in biomedical optics
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Molecules
issn	1420-3049
publishDate	2011-12-01
description	The purpose of this review is to compile preclinical and clinical results on phthalocyanines (Pcs) as photosensitizers (PS) for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and contrast agents for fluorescence imaging. Indeed, Pcs are excellent candidates in these fields due to their strong absorbance in the NIR region and high chemical and photo-stability. In particular, this is mostly relevant for their in vivo activation in deeper tissular regions. However, most Pcs present two major limitations, i.e., a strong tendency to aggregate and a low water-solubility. In order to overcome these issues, both chemical tuning and pharmaceutical formulation combined with tumor targeting strategies were applied. These aspects will be developed in this review for the most extensively studied Pcs during the last 25 years, i.e., aluminium-, zinc- and silicon-based Pcs.
topic	biomedical optics fluorescence diagnosis phthalocyanines NIR dyes photodynamic therapy
url	http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/98/
work_keys_str_mv	AT norbertlange likeaboltfromthebluephthalocyaninesinbiomedicaloptics AT tebellonyokong likeaboltfromthebluephthalocyaninesinbiomedicaloptics AT hubertvandenbergh likeaboltfromthebluephthalocyaninesinbiomedicaloptics AT nawalsekkat likeaboltfromthebluephthalocyaninesinbiomedicaloptics
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Like a Bolt from the Blue: Phthalocyanines in Biomedical Optics

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