Muscle Activation Profiles and Co-Activation of Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscles around Knee Joint in Indian Primary Osteoarthritis Knee Patients
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee is a common joint disease. It is associated with reduced knee joint stability due to impaired quadriceps strength, pain, and an altered joint structure. There is altered muscle activation in knee OA patients, which interferes with normal load distributio...
Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2017-05-01
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Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/9870/26975_CE[Ra1]_F(GH)_PF1(SG_SS)_PFA(P)_PF2(PNE).pdf |
Summary: | Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee is a common joint
disease. It is associated with reduced knee joint stability due
to impaired quadriceps strength, pain, and an altered joint
structure. There is altered muscle activation in knee OA patients,
which interferes with normal load distribution around the knee
and facilitates disease progression.
Aim: Our primary aim was to determine activation patterns of
the muscles i.e., quadriceps and hamstrings in knee OA patients
during walking. We also studied co-activation of muscles around
knee joint in primary OA knee patients including directed medial
and lateral co-contractions.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was done
at Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Fortyfour patients with medial compartment primary knee OA were
included in study after satisfying inclusion and exclusion
criteria. All the patients were assessed for mean, peak and
integrated Root Mean Square (RMS), EMG values, muscle
activation patterns and co-activation of muscles around knee
joint by surface Electromyography (EMG) analysis of Vastus
Medialis Obliques (VMO), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Semitendinosus
(SMT) and Biceps Femoris (BF) muscles during gait cycle. The
EMG waveform for each muscle was amplitude normalized and
time normalized to 100% of gait cycle and plotted on graph.
Quantitative variables were assessed for normal distribution
and accordingly mean±SD or median (range), as appropriate,
was computed.
Results: For primary OA knee, mean age 61±5 years, mean
weight 63.7±10.1 kg, mean height 153.9±7.2 cm, and mean
Body Mass Index (BMI) 26.8±3.0 kg/m² was found. The muscle
activity of hamstrings (SMT muscle and BF) was increased
during midstance, late stance and early swing phase of gait
cycle as compared to quadriceps (VMO and VL) muscle activity
respectively, suggesting co-contraction of opposing muscles
around knee joint.
Conclusion: Patients with knee OA walk with increased hamstring
muscle activity (during late stance and early swing phase)
and reduced quadriceps recruitment. Altered neuro-muscular
control around knee interferes with normal load distribution and
facilitates disease progression in knee joint. |
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ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |