Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19
Coronaviruses were originally discovered as enzootic infections that limited to their natural animal hosts, but some strains have since crossed the animal-human species barrier and progressed to establish zoonotic diseases. Accordingly, cross-species barrier jumps resulted in the appearance of SARS-...
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doaj-bedb7e2f0a6440dea1d51f3698279b002021-01-04T02:04:06ZengThe Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory ScienceKorean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science1738-35442288-16622020-12-0152429730910.15324/kjcls.2020.52.4.297Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19Eun-Joong Kim0Dongsup Lee1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-2731Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Chungbuk Health & Science University, Cheongju, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, KoreaCoronaviruses were originally discovered as enzootic infections that limited to their natural animal hosts, but some strains have since crossed the animal-human species barrier and progressed to establish zoonotic diseases. Accordingly, cross-species barrier jumps resulted in the appearance of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 that manifest as virulent human viruses. Coronaviruses contain four main structural proteins: spike, membrane, envelope, and nucleocapsid protein. The replication cycle is as follows: cell entry, genome translation, replication, assembly, and release. They were not considered highly pathogenic to humans until the outbreaks of SARS-CoV in 2002 in Guangdong province, China. The consequent outbreak of SARS in 2002 led to an epidemic with 8,422 cases, and a reported worldwide mortality rate of 11%. MERS-CoVs is highly related to camel CoVs. In 2019, a cluster of patients infected with 2019-nCoV was identified in an outbreak in Wuhan, China, and soon spread worldwide. 2019-nCoV is transmitted through the respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia. Molecular diagnosis based on upper respiratory region swabs is used for confirmation of this virus. This review examines the structure and genomic makeup of the viruses as well as the life cycle, diagnosis, and potential therapy.coronaviruscovid-19merssarsviral genome |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Eun-Joong Kim Dongsup Lee |
spellingShingle |
Eun-Joong Kim Dongsup Lee Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science coronavirus covid-19 mers sars viral genome |
author_facet |
Eun-Joong Kim Dongsup Lee |
author_sort |
Eun-Joong Kim |
title |
Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 |
title_short |
Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 |
title_full |
Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 |
title_fullStr |
Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 |
title_sort |
coronaviruses: sars, mers and covid-19 |
publisher |
The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science |
series |
Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science |
issn |
1738-3544 2288-1662 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Coronaviruses were originally discovered as enzootic infections that limited to their natural animal hosts, but some strains have since crossed the animal-human species barrier and progressed to establish zoonotic diseases. Accordingly, cross-species barrier jumps resulted in the appearance of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 that manifest as virulent human viruses. Coronaviruses contain four main structural proteins: spike, membrane, envelope, and nucleocapsid protein. The replication cycle is as follows: cell entry, genome translation, replication, assembly, and release. They were not considered highly pathogenic to humans until the outbreaks of SARS-CoV in 2002 in Guangdong province, China. The consequent outbreak of SARS in 2002 led to an epidemic with 8,422 cases, and a reported worldwide mortality rate of 11%. MERS-CoVs is highly related to camel CoVs. In 2019, a cluster of patients infected with 2019-nCoV was identified in an outbreak in Wuhan, China, and soon spread worldwide. 2019-nCoV is transmitted through the respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia. Molecular diagnosis based on upper respiratory region swabs is used for confirmation of this virus. This review examines the structure and genomic makeup of the viruses as well as the life cycle, diagnosis, and potential therapy. |
topic |
coronavirus covid-19 mers sars viral genome |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT eunjoongkim coronavirusessarsmersandcovid19 AT dongsuplee coronavirusessarsmersandcovid19 |
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1724350013133291520 |