Elicitation of Novel Trichogenic-Lipid Nanoemulsion Signaling Resistance Against Pearl Millet Downy Mildew Disease

• Main Authors: Boregowda Nandini, Hariprasad Puttaswamy, Harischandra Sripathy Prakash, Shivakanthkumar Adhikari, Sudisha Jogaiah, Geetha Nagaraja
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-12-01
• Series: Biomolecules
• Subjects: nanoemulsion; <i>sclerospora graminicola</i>; lipids; pearl millet; seed priming; <i>trichoderma</i> spp.
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/1/25

Nanoemulsion was formulated from membrane lipids of <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. with the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 by the ultrasonic emulsification method. Nanoemulsion with a droplet diameter of 5 to 51 nm was obtained. The possible effects of membrane lipid nanoemulsion on pearl millet (PM) seed growth parameters and elicitation of downy mildew (DM) disease resistance in PM was analyzed to develop an eco-friendly disease management strategy. Seed priming with nanoemulsion illustrates significant protection and elevated levels of early defense gene expression. Lipid profiling of <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. reveals the presence of oleic acid as a major fatty acid molecule. The prominent molecule in the purified lipid fraction of <i>T. brevicompactum</i> (UP-91) responsible for the elicitation of induction of systemic resistance in PM host against DM pathogen was predicted as (E)-N-(1, 3-dihydroxyoctadec-4-en-2yl) acetamide. The results suggest that protection offered by the novel nanoemulsion formulation is systemic in nature and durable and offers a newer sustainable approach to manage biotrophic oomycetous pathogen.